01
abrupt
Happening suddenly, unexpectedly, and without warning or transition.
example
Das Gespräch fand ein abruptes Ende, als das Telefon klingelte.
The conversation came to an abrupt end when the phone rang.
abrupt
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Meanings
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Usage tips
Use as an adverb
Although 'abrupt' is an adjective, it is very often used like an adverb to describe a verb. It answers the question 'How does something happen?' and then means 'suddenly and unexpectedly.'
EXAMPLE
Der Fahrer bremste abrupt, um einen Unfall zu vermeiden.
The driver braked abruptly to avoid an accident.
Context clues
You can recognize the exact meaning of 'abrupt' from the context. If it refers to an action or event, it means 'suddenly.' If it refers to communication, it means 'brusque.' In connection with landscapes, it means 'steep.'
EXAMPLE
Die Musik hörte abrupt auf.
The music stopped abruptly.
Typical collocations
In the meaning of 'plötzlich' (suddenly), 'abrupt' is often used with verbs that describe an end or interruption. Typical combinations are 'abrupt enden' (to end abruptly), 'abrupt stoppen' (to stop abruptly), or 'abrupt abbrechen' (to break off abruptly).
EXAMPLE
Die Verhandlungen wurden abrupt abgebrochen.
The negotiations were broken off abruptly.
In social contexts
When 'abrupt' describes a person's behavior, it has a negative, unfriendly connotation. An 'abrupte Antwort' (abrupt answer) is not only short, but is also perceived as rude or brusque.
EXAMPLE
Ihre abrupte Reaktion zeigte allen, dass sie verärgert war.
Her abrupt reaction showed everyone that she was annoyed.
Compare with
abrupt vs plötzlich
suddenly
'plötzlich' and 'abrupt' both describe something happening unexpectedly and without preparation. 'plötzlich' is very common in everyday language and fits almost any event: a noise starts suddenly, someone suddenly stands up, the weather suddenly changes. 'abrupt' more strongly emphasizes that something ends without a transition or changes in a harsh way. It sounds somewhat more formal and often stronger than 'plötzlich'. If you simply want to say that something happens unexpectedly, 'plötzlich' is usually more natural. If you want to show a sharp break or a quick ending, 'abrupt' is more precise.
abrupt
Das Meeting endete abrupt, weil der Kunde einen wichtigen Anruf bekam.
The meeting ended abruptly because the customer received an important call.
plötzlich
Während des Gesprächs ist plötzlich der Bildschirm ausgegangen.
During the conversation, the screen suddenly turned off.
In real life
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