out-migration / relocation
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out-migration
The leaving of a region or country by a larger number of people in order to settle in another place. This often happens for economic or social reasons.
Die hohe Arbeitslosigkeit führte zu einer starken Abwanderung der jungen Bevölkerung.
The high unemployment led to a strong out-migration of the young population.
relocation
In economics, the relocation of capital, companies, or jobs to other countries, usually because of more favorable conditions.
Die Abwanderung von Industriebetrieben ins Ausland ist ein großes Problem für die Region.
The relocation of industrial companies abroad is a major problem for the region.
The word consists of 'ab-' (away) and 'Wanderung' (movement, migration). So it describes a movement away from a place. The ending '-ung' turns the verb 'abwandern' (to migrate away) into a noun.
Die Abwanderung junger Menschen stellt viele ländliche Regionen vor Probleme.
The out-migration of young people creates problems for many rural regions.
How can you recognize the meaning? If 'Menschen' (people), 'Fachkräften' (skilled workers), or 'Bevölkerung' (population) are mentioned, it is about migration. If it is about 'Kapital' (capital), 'Firmen' (companies), or 'Industrie' (industry), the economic relocation is meant.
Die Regierung versucht, die Abwanderung von Fachkräften zu stoppen.
The government is trying to stop the out-migration of skilled workers.
'Abwanderung' (out-migration/relocation) is a rather formal word that is often used in the news, in politics, and in economic discussions.
Der Zeitungsartikel analysiert die Gründe für die Abwanderung aus der Region.
The newspaper article analyzes the reasons for the out-migration from the region.
Common combinations are 'die Abwanderung von Fachkräften' (the out-migration of skilled workers), 'die Abwanderung in die Städte' (the migration to the cities), or 'die Abwanderung ins Ausland' (the emigration abroad).
Besonders die Abwanderung in die großen Städte hat in den letzten Jahren zugenommen.
The migration to the big cities in particular has increased in recent years.
relocation / shift
For companies or jobs, Verlagerung neutrally refers to the organizational move to another location. Abwanderung views the same process more as an outflow from the former country or region. The choice therefore depends on the perspective.
Die Region leidet unter der Abwanderung der Produktion ins Ausland.
The region is suffering from the relocation of production abroad.
Das Unternehmen plant die Verlagerung seiner Produktion ins Ausland.
The company is planning to relocate its production abroad.
