fraud / cheating
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fraud
A deliberate deception in order to gain an unlawful advantage for oneself or others, usually of a financial nature. Fraud is a criminal offense.
Der Mann wurde wegen Betrugs in mehreren Fällen angeklagt.
The man was charged with fraud in several cases.
cheating
The act of betraying one's partner in a romantic relationship, especially through infidelity or a secret affair.
Nachdem sie von seinem Betrug erfahren hatte, trennte sie sich von ihm.
After she found out about his cheating, she broke up with him.
'Der Betrug' (fraud/cheating) is the noun that belongs to the strong verb 'betrügen' (to deceive, to cheat). When a person 'betrügt' someone (deceives/cheats someone), they commit 'Betrug' (fraud/cheating).
Er hat seine Partner betrogen, doch der Betrug kam erst Jahre später ans Licht.
He cheated his partners, but the fraud only came to light years later.
To distinguish the two meanings, pay attention to the context. Words like 'Geld' (money), 'Polizei' (police), 'Anklage' (charge/indictment), or 'Vertrag' (contract) point to financial or legal fraud. Words like 'Partner' (partner), 'Beziehung' (relationship), 'Liebe' (love), or 'trennen' (to break up/separate) point to infidelity in a relationship.
Der Betrug in ihrer Ehe war der Grund für die Scheidung.
The cheating in their marriage was the reason for the divorce.
In the legal sense, 'Betrug' (fraud) is often used with specific verbs. Common combinations are 'Betrug begehen' (to commit fraud), 'jemanden wegen Betrugs anzeigen' (to report someone for fraud), or 'Opfer eines Betrugs werden' (to become the victim of a fraud).
Leider werden immer wieder ältere Menschen Opfer von Telefon-Betrug.
Unfortunately, older people repeatedly become victims of phone fraud.
When 'Betrug' (fraud) is the reason for a legal action, the preposition 'wegen' is often used with the genitive. For example, someone is charged or convicted 'wegen Betrugs' (for fraud).
Der ehemalige Manager wurde wegen schweren Betrugs zu einer Haftstrafe verurteilt.
The former manager was sentenced to prison for serious fraud.
dizzy
In the meanings given here, „Betrug“ and „Schwindel“ are not related in the sense of a dubious business deal. „Betrug“ refers to deliberate deception for an unlawful advantage, whereas „Schwindel“ here means a feeling of dizziness. Therefore, use „Betrug“ for deception and „Schwindel“ for this physical sensation.
Die Polizei untersuchte den Betrug mit den angeblich sicheren Geldanlagen.
The police investigated the fraud involving the supposedly secure investments.
Nach der langen Fahrt bekam sie plötzlich einen starken Schwindel.
After the long drive, she suddenly became severely dizzy.
