malignant / malicious
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malignant
In medicine, the characteristic of a disease, especially a tumor, to grow uncontrollably and spread in the body. The opposite of 'gutartig' (benign).
Die Untersuchung hat leider ergeben, dass der Tumor bösartig ist.
Unfortunately, the examination showed that the tumor is malignant.
The word is composed of 'böse' (evil) and the suffix '-artig'. The suffix '-artig' means 'in the manner of' or 'similar to'. So 'bösartig' describes something that has the characteristics of something evil.
Sein Verhalten war wirklich bösartig.
His behavior was truly malicious.
You can tell which meaning is intended from the noun. In connection with 'Tumor' (tumor) or 'Krankheit' (disease), the medical meaning is intended. With 'Software' or 'Code', the technical meaning is meant. With 'Mensch' (person) or 'Bemerkung' (remark), it is about character.
Die Ärzte entfernten das bösartige Gewebe.
The doctors removed the malignant tissue.
In a medical context, 'bösartig' is very often combined with the words 'Tumor' (tumor), 'Gewebe' (tissue), 'Zellen' (cells), or 'Erkrankung' (disease).
Die Biopsie zeigte, dass die Zellen nicht bösartig sind.
The biopsy showed that the cells are not malignant.
In the field of computer science, 'bösartig' is a technical term (often 'malicious' in English). It describes deliberately harmful programs or actions in the digital space.
Öffnen Sie keine Anhänge von E-Mails, die bösartigen Code enthalten könnten.
Do not open attachments from emails that could contain malicious code.
angry / evil / bad
'böse' and 'bösartig' can both describe that someone acts badly or wants to harm others. However, 'böse' is more general and can also simply mean 'angry'. 'bösartig' is more precise and stronger: it emphasizes a deliberately mean or harmful nature. Learners may confuse the words because they look similar. If someone is only annoyed or angry, you say 'böse'. If an action is truly spiteful or meant to cause harm, 'bösartig' fits better.
Der bösartige Kommentar in der Pause hat Lisa sehr verletzt.
The malicious comment during the break hurt Lisa very much.
Nach dem Streit war Max böse auf seinen Bruder.
After the argument, Max was angry with his brother.