chromosome
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chromosome
A thread-like component in the cell nucleus of living organisms that contains hereditary information in the form of genes. Chromosomes become visible during cell division.
Der Mensch besitzt in den meisten Körperzellen 46 Chromosomen.
Humans have 46 chromosomes in most body cells.
The word comes from Greek: 'chroma' means 'color' and 'soma' means 'body'. The name 'Farbkörper' (colored body) arose because chromosomes can be stained well with certain dyes under a microscope.
Die Struktur der Chromosomen wurde erst durch Färbetechniken sichtbar.
The structure of chromosomes only became visible through staining techniques.
The word element '-som' comes from the Greek word for 'body' and is also found in other biological terms, such as 'Ribosom' (ribosome). It often denotes small bodies or structures within a cell.
Ribosomen sind für die Proteinproduktion in der Zelle verantwortlich.
Ribosomes are responsible for protein production in the cell.
'Chromosom' (chromosome) is a central technical term from biology and genetics. It is used when talking about heredity, cell division, or genetic traits.
Die Forschung an Chromosomen hat unser Verständnis von Erbkrankheiten revolutioniert.
Research on chromosomes has revolutionized our understanding of hereditary diseases.
Common combinations are 'ein Satz Chromosomen' (a set of chromosomes), the distinction between 'X- und Y-Chromosom' (X and Y chromosome) for determining sex, or the statement that chromosomes 'Gene tragen' (carry genes).
Das Y-Chromosom bestimmt bei Säugetieren das männliche Geschlecht.
The Y chromosome determines the male sex in mammals.
gene
'das Gen' and 'das Chromosom' both describe things in the cell nucleus and have to do with hereditary information. A gene is a single unit of hereditary information. A chromosome is a larger structure that contains many genes. Learners may confuse the words because they are often mentioned together in biology. A simple way to remember it is: genes are located on chromosomes. So the chromosome is the carrier, and the gene is a specific section on it.
Für die Prüfung lernt Ali, dass ein Chromosom viele Gene enthalten kann.
For the exam, Ali learns that a chromosome can contain many genes.
Der Lehrer erklärt ein Gen, das bei Pflanzen die Blütenfarbe beeinflusst.
The teacher explains a gene that influences flower color in plants.