income / arrival
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income
Usually used in the plural ('Einkünfte') for the total income or revenue of a person or company from various sources. A term from finance and tax law.
Alle Einkünfte aus Vermietung und Verpachtung müssen in der Steuererklärung angegeben werden.
All income from renting and leasing must be declared in the tax return.
The word is made up of 'ein-' and '-kunft', an old word stem derived from 'kommen' (to come). An 'Einkunft' is therefore literally something that 'comes in', whether money or a person.
Die regelmäßige Einkunft sicherte ihm ein gutes Leben.
The regular income ensured him a good life.
In modern language, this word is used almost exclusively in the plural 'die Einkünfte' when referring to money. The singular form 'die Einkunft' is very rare in this meaning.
Er muss seine gesamten Einkünfte aus dem letzten Jahr versteuern.
He has to pay tax on all his income from last year.
The term 'Einkünfte' (income) is typical of formal, official contexts, especially in documents such as tax returns or in conversations with the bank.
Für den Kreditantrag müssen Sie Ihre Einkünfte der letzten drei Jahre nachweisen.
For the loan application, you must provide proof of your income from the last three years.
The meaning 'Ankunft' (arrival) is outdated. Today it is found almost only in historical or literary texts.
Der Roman beschrieb die Einkunft des Ritters auf der Burg.
The novel described the knight's arrival at the castle.
profit / prize
'der Gewinn' and 'die Einkunft' can both have to do with money that someone receives. The difference lies in how exactly you calculate it. 'Einkünfte' usually means income or revenue from various sources, especially in tax and financial texts. 'Gewinn' is only what remains after deducting costs. The words can be confused because both describe money. But high income does not automatically mean high profit, because costs may also be high. In everyday language, people are more likely to say 'Einkommen' or 'Einnahmen'; 'Einkünfte' sounds more formal.
Für die Steuererklärung muss Maria ihre Einkünfte aus dem Nebenjob angeben.
For her tax return, Maria has to declare her income from her side job.
Trotz guter Verkäufe war der Gewinn niedrig, weil die Miete so teuer ist.
Despite good sales, the profit was low because the rent is so expensive.