vinegar
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vinegar
A sour liquid produced by the fermentation of alcohol and used mainly to season foods such as salads or to preserve food.
Für das Salatdressing mische ich Öl, Essig, Salz und Pfeffer.
For the salad dressing, I mix oil, vinegar, salt, and pepper.
The idiom 'dann ist Essig' (then it's over) or 'Essig sein' (to be over) means that something is definitely over, has failed, or is lost. It is mainly used in colloquial speech.
Wenn wir den Bus verpassen, ist Essig mit unserem Kinoabend.
If we miss the bus, our movie night is over.
'Essig' (vinegar) is a typical ingredient in salad dressings, often in the combination 'Essig und Öl' (vinegar and oil). It is also used to preserve foods such as cucumbers or onions.
Zum Konservieren der Gurken brauchen wir noch eine Flasche Essig.
We still need a bottle of vinegar to preserve the cucumbers.
The word 'Essig' (vinegar) is often the second part of compound nouns that name a specific type. Very common examples are 'Apfelessig' (apple cider vinegar), 'Weinessig' (wine vinegar), or 'Kräuteressig' (herb vinegar).
Für diesen Salat nehme ich am liebsten Apfelessig.
For this salad, I prefer to use apple cider vinegar.
over / past
'vorbei' and 'Essig sein' can both say that something is no longer continuing or no longer has a chance. 'vorbei' is neutral and fits periods of time, events, or states: 'Der Kurs ist vorbei' (the course is over), 'die Pause ist vorbei' (the break is over), or 'ein Problem ist vorbei' (a problem is over). 'Essig sein' is a colloquial expression and sounds stronger. It is often used when a plan has failed or something definitely will not work out anymore. For normal situations, 'vorbei' is safer. 'Essig sein' is more suitable in casual conversations.
Als der Zug ausfiel, war unser Ausflug leider Essig.
When the train was canceled, our outing was unfortunately ruined.
Nach zwei Stunden ist der Kurs vorbei, und wir gehen nach Hause.
After two hours, the course is over, and we go home.