county
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county
An administrative unit in some countries, especially in Great Britain and Ireland, similar to a German Landkreis (English: county).
Yorkshire ist die größte traditionelle Grafschaft Englands.
Yorkshire is the largest traditional county in England.
county / earldom
Historically, the territory ruled by a count or countess.
Im Mittelalter war die Grafschaft Bentheim ein eigenständiges Territorium.
In the Middle Ages, the County of Bentheim was an independent territory.
The word consists of 'Graf' (a noble title: count) and the ending '-schaft', which here refers to an area or domain of rule. A 'Grafschaft' (county) is therefore literally the 'territory of a count'.
Die alte Burg war einst das Zentrum der Grafschaft.
The old castle was once the center of the county.
The context makes clear which meaning is intended. If the sentence refers to modern administration in Great Britain or Ireland, it means 'county'. In a historical text about Europe, it means the territory ruled by a count.
Die Familie macht Urlaub in der irischen Grafschaft Cork.
The family is vacationing in the Irish county of Cork.
'Grafschaft' (county) is the usual German translation for the administrative unit 'county' in English-speaking countries. The word is useful when talking or reading about geography or travel in these countries.
Die Grafschaft Cornwall ist für ihre schönen Küsten bekannt.
The county of Cornwall is known for its beautiful coasts.
district
Landkreis and Grafschaft are administrative units that can include several municipalities. Landkreis is used mainly for Germany and Austria, while Grafschaft is used especially for Great Britain and Ireland or for a historical area. A British county is therefore called a Grafschaft, while a German unit is called a Landkreis.
Die britische Grafschaft umfasst zwölf Gemeinden.
The British county comprises twelve municipalities.
Der deutsche Landkreis umfasst zwölf Gemeinden.
The German district comprises twelve municipalities.
