collar / choker
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collar
A band placed around an animal's neck, usually a dog or a cat. A leash or a tag with contact details can be attached to it.
Unser Hund hat sein Halsband beim Spielen im Wald verloren.
Our dog lost his collar while playing in the woods.
The word 'Halsband' (collar/choker) is made up of 'Hals' (neck) and 'Band' (band). So it literally describes a band worn around the neck, whether by an animal or a person.
Ein Halsband ist ein Band für den Hals.
A collar is a band for the neck.
You can tell from context whether 'Halsband' means a collar for an animal or a piece of jewelry for a person. Words like 'Hund' (dog), 'Katze' (cat), or 'Leine' (leash) point to an animal, while words like 'Schmuck' (jewelry), 'elegant' (elegant), or 'tragen' (to wear) point to a piece of jewelry.
Der Hund zerrt an der Leine, die am Halsband befestigt ist.
The dog is pulling on the leash that is attached to the collar.
In connection with animals, a 'Halsband' (collar) is often 'angelegt' (put on) or 'umgelegt' (placed around) when you put it on the animal. The animal itself 'trägt' (wears) the collar.
Bevor wir spazieren gehen, lege ich meinem Hund das Halsband an.
Before we go for a walk, I put the collar on my dog.
When 'Halsband' (choker) means a piece of jewelry, it is often described by its material. Typical combinations are 'ein Halsband aus Gold' (a gold choker), 'aus Silber' (made of silver), 'aus Perlen' (made of pearls), or 'aus Samt' (made of velvet).
Die Prinzessin trug ein wertvolles Halsband aus Diamanten.
The princess wore a valuable diamond choker.
chain / necklace
'die Kette' and 'das Halsband' both have to do with something worn around the neck. A 'Kette' usually means a piece of jewelry for people, often made of metal or with a pendant. A 'Halsband' is very often a band for an animal, for example a dog or a cat. But it can also be a tight piece of jewelry for people, like a choker. The words can therefore be confusing. For ordinary jewelry, you usually say 'Kette' or, more precisely, 'Halskette'. For animals, 'Halsband' is the natural word.
Der Hund trägt ein rotes Halsband mit einer kleinen Marke.
The dog is wearing a red collar with a small tag.
Lisa trägt heute eine feine goldene Kette.
Lisa is wearing a delicate gold necklace today.