collar
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collar
The part of a piece of clothing such as a shirt, jacket, or coat that surrounds or frames the neck.
Er hat den obersten Knopf seines Hemdes geöffnet und den Kragen gelockert.
He opened the top button of his shirt and loosened his collar.
In its literal meaning, 'Kragen' (collar) is often used with verbs such as 'hochschlagen' (to turn up, in cold or windy weather) or 'lockern' (to loosen, when it is warm or when you are relaxing).
Als der kalte Wind aufkam, schlug er den Kragen seiner Jacke hoch.
When the cold wind picked up, he turned up the collar of his jacket.
The idiom 'jemandem platzt der Kragen' (someone loses their temper) uses the dative. The person who gets angry is always in the dative. This is a fixed grammatical pattern.
Als er die Unordnung sah, ist seinem Vater der Kragen geplatzt.
When he saw the mess, his father lost his temper.
In the expression 'jemanden am Kragen packen' (to grab someone by the collar), the person who is grabbed or confronted is always in the accusative. The preposition 'am' is fixed here.
Der wütende Kunde wollte den Verkäufer am Kragen packen.
The angry customer wanted to grab the salesperson by the collar.
The expression 'jemanden den Kragen kosten' (to cost someone dearly / cost someone their neck) has a special structure. The person who loses something (their life, their job) is in the accusative. What it costs is 'den Kragen' (the neck/collar).
Diese riskante Entscheidung könnte ihn den Job kosten.
This risky decision could cost him his job.
neckline / excerpt / clipping
'der Ausschnitt' and 'der Kragen' both belong to clothing in the neck and chest area. 'Ausschnitt' means the opening of a piece of clothing, that is, how much of the neck or chest you can see. 'Kragen' means the part of the fabric that surrounds or frames the neck, for example on a shirt, coat, or jacket. Learners may confuse the words because both are on the upper part of clothing. If you are talking about the shape of the opening, use 'Ausschnitt'; if you are talking about the fabric around the neck, use 'Kragen'.
Mia bügelt den Kragen ihrer Bluse, bevor sie zur Prüfung geht.
Mia irons the collar of her blouse before she goes to the exam.
Ihr Kleid hat einen runden Ausschnitt und passt gut zu der Kette.
Her dress has a round neckline and goes well with the necklace.