militia
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militia
A militarily organized force formed from the civilian population that does not belong to the standing army, but is called up only when needed to reinforce the regular army.
In der Schweiz basiert die Armee auf dem Milizsystem, bei dem die Bürger Wehrdienst leisten.
In Switzerland, the army is based on the militia system, in which citizens perform military service.
militia
An armed group that is not part of the official state armed forces and often pursues its own political or ideological goals.
Die Regierungstruppen kämpfen gegen verschiedene Milizen, die um die Kontrolle der Region ringen.
Government troops are fighting against various militias that are struggling for control of the region.
The meaning depends heavily on context. In connection with state defense systems, as in Switzerland, it has the neutral meaning of 'Bürgerheer' (citizens' army). In reports about conflicts and civil wars, however, 'Miliz' (militia) usually refers to a non-state armed group.
Die Schweizer Armee ist eine Milizarmee.
The Swiss army is a militia army.
The meaning 'Bürgerheer' (citizens' army) is often connected with the term 'Milizsystem' (militia system). This describes an organizational principle of an army in which the soldiers are civilians who serve only when needed.
Das Milizsystem hat in der Schweiz eine lange Tradition.
The militia system has a long tradition in Switzerland.
When 'Miliz' (militia) means a non-state fighting group, it is often described more specifically. Typical combinations are 'bewaffnete Miliz' (armed militia), 'feindliche Miliz' (enemy militia), or 'eine Miliz anführen/gründen' (to lead/found a militia).
Die UN-Truppen wurden von einer lokalen Miliz angegriffen.
The UN troops were attacked by a local militia.
guerrilla
A militia and a guerrilla force can both be armed groups outside the regular armed forces. Miliz primarily refers to the organization of the group, while Guerilla also emphasizes an irregular method of fighting from underground against a government or occupying power. Use „Miliz“ for the group structure and „Guerilla“ for this type of guerrilla warfare.
Die Miliz kontrollierte das Gebiet, ohne regelmäßig gegen die Regierung zu kämpfen.
The militia controlled the area without regularly fighting the government.
Die Guerilla griff die Soldaten aus dem Untergrund an und zog sich danach schnell zurück.
The guerrilla force attacked the soldiers from underground and then quickly withdrew.
