nationalism
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nationalism
A political ideology that regards one's own nation as the highest value and places it above others. This is often associated with exaggerated national pride and the devaluation of other nations.
Der extreme Nationalismus des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts gilt als eine der Ursachen für den Ersten Weltkrieg.
The extreme nationalism of the early 20th century is considered one of the causes of the First World War.
nationalism
A strong awareness and feeling of belonging to a nation; national consciousness. In this meaning, the word 'Patriotismus' (patriotism) is often used today instead.
Während der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft zeigte sich ein fröhlicher und friedlicher Nationalismus im ganzen Land.
During the Football World Cup, a cheerful and peaceful nationalism appeared throughout the country.
The word ends in '-ismus' (-ism). This suffix often refers to a political, social, or philosophical ideology or movement. The word stem is 'Nation' (nation).
Der Surrealismus war eine wichtige Kunstbewegung des 20. Jahrhunderts.
Surrealism was an important art movement of the 20th century.
In contemporary German, 'Nationalismus' (nationalism) usually has a strongly negative meaning and is associated with political extremism. In most historical and political discussions, this negative interpretation is the default assumption.
Historiker warnen vor dem Wiederaufleben eines aggressiven Nationalismus in Europa.
Historians warn of the resurgence of aggressive nationalism in Europe.
To emphasize the negative meaning, the word is often combined with adjectives such as 'extrem' (extreme), 'radikal' (radical), 'aggressiv' (aggressive), or 'übersteigert' (exaggerated).
Die Partei wird für ihren radikalen Nationalismus kritisiert.
The party is criticized for its radical nationalism.
The more neutral meaning of 'Nationalismus' (nationalism) as national consciousness is rare in contemporary usage. It can sometimes occur in contexts such as major sporting events, but even there the word is often controversial.
Während der Weltmeisterschaft sprach man von einem neuen, weltoffenen Nationalismus.
During the World Cup, people spoke of a new, cosmopolitan nationalism.
patriotism
Both Nationalismus and Patriotismus can express a strong attachment to one's own nation. Nationalismus usually refers to a political glorification of one's own nation and can be associated with disparaging others; Patriotismus focuses more on love and pride in one's own country. Use Nationalismus for this kind of distinction and Patriotismus for positive attachment.
Der Nationalismus dieser Bewegung stellt die eigene Nation über alle anderen.
The nationalism of this movement places its own nation above all others.
Ihr Patriotismus zeigt sich in ihrem Stolz auf die Geschichte des eigenen Landes, ohne andere abzuwerten.
Her patriotism is shown by her pride in her country's history, without disparaging others.
