order
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order
A binding instruction, especially in finance to buy or sell securities, or in commerce to order goods.
Ich habe meinem Broker die Order gegeben, die Aktien zu verkaufen, sobald sie einen bestimmten Preis erreichen.
I gave my broker the order to sell the shares as soon as they reach a certain price.
order
A command or instruction, often in a military or formal context.
Die Soldaten warteten auf die Order zum Vormarsch.
The soldiers waited for the order to advance.
'Order' is a loanword from English ('order') and is used in German in certain specialist fields and formal contexts. It often sounds more professional or stricter than everyday words.
Der General gab die Order, die Position zu halten.
The general gave the order to hold the position.
In finance and trade, fixed combinations are common. You can 'erteilen' (issue), 'aufgeben' (place), or 'platzieren' (place) an order. A bank or broker can 'ausführen' (execute) or 'bestätigen' (confirm) an order.
Ich habe online eine Kauforder für die neuen Aktien platziert.
I placed a buy order for the new shares online.
When 'Order' (order) means a command, it is often used in military or strictly hierarchical settings. A typical formulation is 'die Order haben, etwas zu tun' (to have orders to do something).
Der Wachmann hatte die strikte Order, niemanden ohne Ausweis einzulassen.
The guard had strict orders not to let anyone in without an ID.
assignment / order / mission
Auftrag and Order can refer to a binding instruction to buy or sell securities. Auftrag is the general term for the action someone commissions, while Order is the technical term used in stock trading. Order is therefore usually the better choice in a specialized financial context.
Die Händlerin gab an der Börse eine Order zum Verkauf der Aktien auf.
The trader placed an order to sell the shares on the stock exchange.
Die Kundin gab ihrer Bank den Auftrag, die Aktien zu verkaufen.
The customer instructed her bank to sell the shares.
