order
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order
A binding instruction, especially in finance to buy or sell securities, or in commerce to order goods.
Ich habe meinem Broker die Order gegeben, die Aktien zu verkaufen, sobald sie einen bestimmten Preis erreichen.
I gave my broker the order to sell the shares as soon as they reach a certain price.
'Order' is a loanword from English ('order') and is used in German in certain specialist fields and formal contexts. It often sounds more professional or stricter than everyday words.
Der General gab die Order, die Position zu halten.
The general gave the order to hold the position.
In finance and trade, fixed combinations are common. You can 'erteilen' (issue), 'aufgeben' (place), or 'platzieren' (place) an order. A bank or broker can 'ausführen' (execute) or 'bestätigen' (confirm) an order.
Ich habe online eine Kauforder für die neuen Aktien platziert.
I placed a buy order for the new shares online.
When 'Order' (order) means a command, it is often used in military or strictly hierarchical settings. A typical formulation is 'die Order haben, etwas zu tun' (to have orders to do something).
Der Wachmann hatte die strikte Order, niemanden ohne Ausweis einzulassen.
The guard had strict orders not to let anyone in without an ID.
assignment / order / mission
'der Auftrag' and 'die Order' can both mean a binding order or instruction. 'Auftrag' is the normal word in everyday life and at work when someone carries out a task or orders something. 'Order' is narrower and sounds more formal or technical. You hear it especially in finance, in trade, or as a command in a very formal context. The words can be confused because 'Order' sometimes means exactly an 'Auftrag'. In normal work situations, however, 'Auftrag' usually sounds more natural.
Am Montag gab die Bank die Order zum Kauf der Aktien weiter.
On Monday, the bank passed on the order to buy the shares.
Der Mitarbeiter schrieb den Auftrag vor dem Termin noch einmal genau auf.
The employee wrote down the assignment carefully once more before the appointment.