penetration
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penetration
The passing through or entering into a body, material, or space. This term is used in technical, military, or physical contexts.
Die Forscher untersuchten die Penetration der Strahlung durch verschiedene Materialien.
The researchers studied the penetration of radiation through various materials.
'Penetration' (penetration) is a technical term or a very formal word in all its meanings. In normal everyday language, one would more likely say 'das Eindringen' (entry/penetration) or 'die Verbreitung' (spread/distribution). The use of 'Penetration' signals a scientific, economic, or medical context.
Der neue Marketingplan soll die Penetration des Marktes erhöhen.
The new marketing plan is intended to increase market penetration.
The exact meaning of the word depends entirely on the topic. Words like 'Markt' (market) or 'Produkt' (product) point to business, 'sexuell' (sexual) to the physical context, and 'Material' (material) or 'Strahlung' (radiation) to a technical or physical process.
Die Forscher maßen die Penetration der UV-Strahlung.
The researchers measured the penetration of UV radiation.
In marketing and business, 'Penetration' (penetration) is very common. Especially frequent is the compound word 'Marktpenetration' (market penetration), which describes the degree to which a product is distributed in a market.
Die Marktpenetration von Elektroautos nimmt langsam zu.
The market penetration of electric cars is slowly increasing.
In a sexual context, 'Penetration' (penetration) is a clinical, neutral term. It is used especially in medical education or specialist texts to describe the process objectively.
Bei der ärztlichen Beratung wurden auch die Risiken bei der Penetration besprochen.
During the medical consultation, the risks involved in penetration were also discussed.
spread / distribution
'die Verbreitung' and 'die Penetration' can both refer to how widely a product or idea has reached people. 'Verbreitung' is the normal, general word: something becomes known, used, or distributed. 'Penetration' is used in this sense mainly in business, when talking about the penetration of a market. It sounds more technical and is not suitable for every everyday text. Learners may confuse the words because both occur in contexts involving products and customers. For ordinary situations, 'Verbreitung' is usually more natural; 'Penetration' fits better in market analyses.
Wegen der starken Konkurrenz bleibt die Penetration des Marktes gering.
Because of strong competition, market penetration remains low.
Die Verbreitung der neuen App begann zuerst in großen Städten.
The spread of the new app first began in large cities.