requiem
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requiem
A musical composition based on the text of the Mass for the Dead. Famous examples were written by Mozart, Verdi, or Fauré.
Das Orchester führte Mozarts berühmtes Requiem in der voll besetzten Kirche auf.
The orchestra performed Mozart's famous requiem in the packed church.
The word 'Requiem' comes from Latin and means 'rest'. It is the first word of the Latin prayer for the deceased: 'Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine' ('Grant them eternal rest, O Lord'). This origin explains the connection to death and to a solemn mood.
Die Musik des Requiems soll den Hinterbliebenen Trost spenden.
The music of the requiem is meant to offer comfort to the bereaved.
You can tell whether the music (m01) or the Mass (m02) is meant from the verb. A musical composition is 'aufgeführt' (performed), 'komponiert' (composed), or 'dirigiert' (conducted). A Mass, on the other hand, is 'abgehalten' (held), 'gelesen' (read), or 'gefeiert' (celebrated).
Das berühmte Requiem von Mozart wurde im Konzerthaus aufgeführt.
Mozart's famous requiem was performed in the concert hall.
'Requiem' is a word for formal, solemn, and often sad occasions. It belongs to elevated language and is hardly used in normal everyday life, except when talking about classical music or religious ceremonies.
Zur Trauerfeier erklang ein Requiem für Chor und Orgel.
At the memorial service, a requiem for choir and organ was heard.
fair / mass
'die Messe' and 'das Requiem' can both be connected with Catholic liturgy and church music. 'Messe' is more general: it can mean the Catholic church service or a musical setting of that service. 'Requiem' is more specific. It is a Mass for the Dead, or music based on the text of the Mass for the Dead. The words can be confused because a requiem can be a special kind of Mass. When it is about the deceased or the music of a Mass for the Dead, 'Requiem' is more precise.
Am Wochenende hört Sofia ein Requiem von Mozart.
At the weekend, Sofia listens to a requiem by Mozart.
Vor dem Konzert probt der Chor eine Messe von Haydn.
Before the concert, the choir rehearses a Mass by Haydn.