reflection / endoscopy
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reflection
The bouncing back of light, sound, or other waves from a surface. Also the image that is created in a mirror or on a smooth surface as a result.
Die Spiegelung der alten Häuser im Kanal war ein wunderschönes Fotomotiv.
The reflection of the old houses in the canal was a beautiful photo subject.
'Spiegelung' (reflection/endoscopy) is a noun derived from the verb 'spiegeln' (to mirror/reflect). The ending '-ung' is often used in German to form a feminine noun from a verb that describes the action or the result.
Das ruhige Wasser spiegelt die Landschaft perfekt wider.
The calm water reflects the landscape perfectly.
When an optical image is involved, you often find 'Spiegelung' (reflection) in connection with smooth surfaces. Watch for words like 'Wasser' (water), 'See' (lake), 'Fenster' (window), or 'Spiegel' (mirror).
Ich sehe meine Spiegelung im Schaufenster.
I can see my reflection in the shop window.
In a medical context, 'Spiegelung' (endoscopy) is almost always used as part of a compound word. These words describe exactly which organ is being examined, e.g. 'Magenspiegelung' (gastroscopy) or 'Darmspiegelung' (colonoscopy).
Für die Darmspiegelung musste er einen Tag im Krankenhaus bleiben.
For the colonoscopy, he had to stay in the hospital for a day.
In mathematics, you can recognize this meaning from words like 'Achse' (axis), 'Punkt' (point), 'Gerade' (line), or 'Figur' (figure). The preposition 'an' is typical here.
Die Spiegelung des Punktes an der y-Achse ist einfach zu berechnen.
The reflection of the point across the y-axis is easy to calculate.
mirror
'der Spiegel' and 'die Spiegelung' both have to do with an image that is reflected back. 'Der Spiegel' is the surface or object that makes this image possible. 'Die Spiegelung' means the process or the visible image on a smooth surface, for example on glass or water. The words can be confused because you see a Spiegelung in a Spiegel. In everyday language, you say 'Spiegel' for the object. For the reflected image or the effect, 'Spiegelung' is more precise.
Auf dem Fenster störte die Spiegelung der Lampe beim Lesen.
The reflection of the lamp on the window made reading difficult.
Neben der Tür steht ein kleiner Spiegel mit schwarzem Rahmen.
Next to the door there is a small mirror with a black frame.