forearm
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forearm
The part of the human arm located between the elbow and the wrist.
Der Tennisspieler hat wegen einer Verletzung am rechten Unterarm eine Bandage getragen.
The tennis player wore a bandage because of an injury to his right forearm.
The word is very logically composed of 'unter' (under/lower) and 'Arm' (arm). It therefore refers to the lower part of the arm, just as in English 'forearm' is the front part of the arm.
Beim Sport habe ich mir den Unterarm verletzt.
I injured my forearm while playing sports.
The pattern 'Unter-' + body part is also used for other body parts. If you know this principle, you can more easily understand words like 'Unterschenkel' (lower leg) or 'Unterkiefer' (lower jaw).
Er hat einen starken Händedruck, weil er kräftige Unterarme hat.
He has a strong handshake because he has powerful forearms.
Common combinations are 'linker/rechter Unterarm' (left/right forearm), 'sich den Unterarm brechen' (to break one's forearm), or 'Schmerzen im Unterarm haben' (to have pain in one's forearm).
Nach dem Training hatte sie Muskelkater im rechten Unterarm.
After training, she had sore muscles in her right forearm.
arm
'der Arm' and 'der Unterarm' refer to body parts, but not to the same area. 'der Arm' means the whole body part from the shoulder to the hand. 'der Unterarm' is only the part between the elbow and the wrist. The words can be confused because the forearm is part of the arm. When the exact area is important, for example with pain or an injury, 'Unterarm' is more precise. When you are talking generally about the whole arm, you say 'Arm'.
Beim Kochen hat sich Tom am Unterarm verbrannt.
Tom burned his forearm while cooking.
Frau Schmidt hebt den Arm, weil sie eine Frage stellen möchte.
Ms. Schmidt raises her arm because she wants to ask a question.