to grow together / become overgrown / outgrow
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to grow together
To become firmly joined together through growth. This can refer to plants, bones after a fracture, or other organic structures.
Die beiden Bäume sind über die Jahre fest miteinander verwachsen.
The two trees have grown firmly together over the years.
'Verwachsen' is an inseparable verb made up of the prefix 'ver-' and the verb 'wachsen' (to grow). The prefix 'ver-' can mean here that something grows incorrectly (becomes deformed) or that a process is fully completed (grown over).
Der Garten war nach dem Urlaub völlig mit Unkraut verwachsen.
After the vacation, the garden was completely overgrown with weeds.
Because 'verwachsen' describes a change of state, the perfect tense is always formed with the auxiliary verb 'sein' (to be), not with 'haben' (to have).
Die Wurzeln der beiden Pflanzen sind fest miteinander verwachsen.
The roots of the two plants have grown firmly together.
When a place is 'verwachsen' (overgrown), it is often combined with the plants that cover it. Typical formulations are 'mit Efeu verwachsen' (overgrown with ivy), 'mit Gras verwachsen' (overgrown with grass), or 'mit Unkraut verwachsen' (overgrown with weeds).
Die alte Schlossruine ist fast vollständig mit Efeu verwachsen.
The old castle ruin is almost completely overgrown with ivy.
The colloquial meaning 'herauswachsen' (to outgrow) is always used reflexively: 'etwas verwächst sich' (something will be outgrown). The thing that disappears is the subject of the sentence.
Die Schüchternheit bei Kindern verwächst sich meistens mit der Zeit.
Shyness in children usually goes away with time.
The past participle 'verwachsen' is very often used as an adjective to describe that something has an irregular or deformed shape. It then stands directly before a noun.
Im Garten haben wir eine seltsam verwachsene Karotte gefunden.
In the garden, we found a strangely deformed carrot.
to fuse / merge
'verschmelzen' and 'verwachsen' can both mean that two things become firmly joined together. The difference lies in how that happens. 'verschmelzen' fits when substances become soft or liquid through heat and form one mass, or when things merge into a new unit in a figurative sense. 'verwachsen' is used more for living or organic things that come together through growth, for example plants or bones. The words can be confused because in the end something is firmly joined together. A simple guide is: heat, material, or a new unit: 'verschmelzen'. Growth and nature: 'verwachsen'.
Nach dem Bruch sind die Knochen langsam wieder richtig verwachsen.
After the fracture, the bones slowly grew back together properly.
Beim Schweißen verschmelzen die Metallteile zu einer festen Verbindung.
During welding, the metal parts fuse into a solid joint.