citadel
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citadel
A small, heavily fortified fortress, often located on a rise within or on the edge of a city, that served as a final place of refuge.
Die alte Zitadelle von Spandau ist eine der besterhaltenen Festungen der Renaissance in Europa.
The old Spandau Citadel is one of the best-preserved Renaissance fortresses in Europe.
Common verbs used in connection with 'Zitadelle' (citadel) are 'besichtigen' (to tour/visit), 'besuchen' (to visit), 'erobern' (to conquer), or 'verteidigen' (to defend). It is often described with adjectives such as 'historisch' (historic), 'mittelalterlich' (medieval), or 'gut erhalten' (well-preserved).
Im Urlaub haben wir eine alte Zitadelle besichtigt.
On vacation, we toured an old citadel.
The word 'Zitadelle' (citadel) is used almost exclusively in historical, architectural, or tourist contexts to describe a specific type of fortification.
Der Reiseführer empfahl einen Besuch der Zitadelle.
The travel guide recommended a visit to the citadel.
In many European cities, the 'Zitadelle' (citadel) is the name of a well-known historical building or a district. Examples include the Zitadelle Spandau in Berlin or the Zitadelle Petersberg in Erfurt.
Das Museum befindet sich in der Zitadelle Mainz.
The museum is located in the Mainz Citadel.
castle
'die Burg' and 'die Zitadelle' both refer to fortified structures. 'Burg' is the more general word for a medieval fortified structure, often also a residence of nobles. 'Zitadelle' is more specific: it is a heavily fortified fortress, often in or next to a city, and served as a final place of refuge. The words can be confused because both can mean walls, protection, and defense. If you are speaking generally about a medieval building, 'Burg' is usually the right choice. If you mean the military core of a city's fortifications, 'Zitadelle' is more precise.
Die Zitadelle lag am Rand der Stadt und war von hohen Mauern umgeben.
The citadel was on the edge of the city and was surrounded by high walls.
Am Montag besuchen wir mit der Klasse eine Burg aus dem Mittelalter.
On Monday, we are visiting a castle from the Middle Ages with our class.