citadel
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citadel
A small, heavily fortified fortress, often located on a rise within or on the edge of a city, that served as a final place of refuge.
Die alte Zitadelle von Spandau ist eine der besterhaltenen Festungen der Renaissance in Europa.
The old Spandau Citadel is one of the best-preserved Renaissance fortresses in Europe.
Common verbs used in connection with 'Zitadelle' (citadel) are 'besichtigen' (to tour/visit), 'besuchen' (to visit), 'erobern' (to conquer), or 'verteidigen' (to defend). It is often described with adjectives such as 'historisch' (historic), 'mittelalterlich' (medieval), or 'gut erhalten' (well-preserved).
Im Urlaub haben wir eine alte Zitadelle besichtigt.
On vacation, we toured an old citadel.
The word 'Zitadelle' (citadel) is used almost exclusively in historical, architectural, or tourist contexts to describe a specific type of fortification.
Der Reiseführer empfahl einen Besuch der Zitadelle.
The travel guide recommended a visit to the citadel.
In many European cities, the 'Zitadelle' (citadel) is the name of a well-known historical building or a district. Examples include the Zitadelle Spandau in Berlin or the Zitadelle Petersberg in Erfurt.
Das Museum befindet sich in der Zitadelle Mainz.
The museum is located in the Mainz Citadel.
fortress
A Festung is generally a large, heavily fortified military structure. A Zitadelle is a smaller fortress within or on the edge of a city that can serve as a final place of refuge. Use Festung for the entire complex and Zitadelle for this particularly well-protected inner part.
Bei einem Angriff zogen sich die Soldaten in die Zitadelle der Stadt zurück.
During an attack, the soldiers retreated to the city's citadel.
Die Armee verteidigte die große Festung am Stadtrand.
The army defended the large fortress on the outskirts of the city.
