civil law
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civil law
The part of the legal system that regulates legal relationships between private individuals, companies, and organizations. It deals with matters such as contracts, property, and damages, as opposed to criminal law, which deals with offenses against the state.
Ein Streit über einen Kaufvertrag fällt in den Bereich des Zivilrechts.
A dispute over a purchase contract falls within the area of civil law.
The word consists of 'zivil' (civil, from Latin for 'civic') and 'das Recht' (the law). So it literally refers to the law that regulates relationships between citizens.
Das Zivilrecht regelt Streitigkeiten zwischen Privatpersonen.
Civil law regulates disputes between private individuals.
'Zivilrecht' (civil law) is a technical term from legal language. It is used mainly in formal, legal, or administrative contexts.
Für diese Frage benötigen Sie einen Anwalt, der auf Zivilrecht spezialisiert ist.
For this question, you need a lawyer who specializes in civil law.
Common formulations say that a case 'ins Zivilrecht fällt' (falls under civil law) or that a matter 'nach Zivilrecht beurteilt wird' (is assessed under civil law).
Ein Streit um Mietzahlungen fällt typischerweise ins Zivilrecht.
A dispute over rent payments typically falls under civil law.
This area of law concerns conflicts between private individuals or companies, for example involving contracts, inheritances, or property issues. It is not about crimes such as theft or bodily harm.
Die Firma verklagte ihren ehemaligen Partner nach Zivilrecht auf Schadensersatz.
The company sued its former partner for damages under civil law.
criminal law
'das Strafrecht' and 'das Zivilrecht' are both part of the legal system. They can be confused because both areas can involve rules, courts, and disputes. The most important difference is this: 'das Strafrecht' concerns criminal offenses, such as theft or bodily harm. It involves the state and a possible punishment. 'das Zivilrecht' concerns disputes or rights between private individuals, companies, or organizations, for example contracts, property, or damages. As a guide: when punishment and the police are involved, 'Strafrecht' is more likely to fit; when contracts and private disputes are involved, 'Zivilrecht' is more likely to fit.
Bei dem Streit um den Kaufvertrag geht es um das Zivilrecht.
The dispute over the purchase contract is a matter of civil law.
Nach dem Diebstahl erklärte die Anwältin, dass jetzt das Strafrecht wichtig ist.
After the theft, the lawyer explained that criminal law is now important.