to announce
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to announce
To publicly or officially make known something that will happen in the future.
Die Firma hat angekündigt, im nächsten Jahr 100 neue Mitarbeiter einzustellen.
The company announced that it would hire 100 new employees next year.
'Ankündigen' (to announce) is a separable verb. In a main clause, the prefix 'an-' goes at the end. In subordinate clauses and in the infinitive with 'zu', the verb stays together.
Der Chef kündigt wichtige Neuigkeiten an.
The boss announces important news.
You can announce something directly with an accusative object, or announce an action with a subordinate clause with 'dass' or a 'zu' + infinitive construction.
Die Band kündigte ein neues Album an.
The band announced a new album.
The reflexive form 'sich ankündigen' (to announce itself / to be approaching) is often used for impersonal events or states that show their first signs. Here the subject is usually the event itself, not a person.
Eine Erkältung kündigt sich oft mit Halsschmerzen an.
A cold often announces itself with a sore throat.
to explain / declare
'erklären' and 'ankündigen' can both mean that someone says something officially. However, 'ankündigen' is used mainly for something that is supposed to happen later, for example an appointment, a change, or a new rule. 'erklären' fits when someone makes a formal statement or officially establishes something. The words can be confusing because both occur in official situations. Pay attention to the time: if it is about a future event, 'ankündigen' is usually more natural. If the statement itself is the focus, 'erklären' fits.
Der Lehrer kündigt für morgen einen kurzen Test an.
The teacher announces a short test for tomorrow.
Der Bürgermeister erklärte die Sitzung nach zwei Stunden für beendet.
The mayor declared the meeting over after two hours.