working
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working
Describes a person or thing that is in a state of work or activity; employed or functioning.
Die arbeitende Bevölkerung trägt die Hauptlast der Sozialabgaben.
The working population bears the main burden of social security contributions.
'Arbeitend' (working) is the present participle of the verb 'arbeiten' (to work). It is used and declined like a normal adjective to describe a person or thing that is currently active or working.
Ein schnell arbeitender Computer ist für diesen Job notwendig.
A fast-working computer is necessary for this job.
This word is often used in sociological or economic contexts to describe groups of people. A very typical combination is 'die arbeitende Bevölkerung' (the working population).
Der arbeitende Teil der Gesellschaft finanziert die Renten.
The working part of society finances pensions.
'Arbeitend' (working) can also describe the state of a machine or technical system that is currently in operation. In that case, it means something like 'funktionierend' (functioning) or 'laufend' (running).
Die leise arbeitende Klimaanlage sorgt für eine angenehme Temperatur.
The quietly working air conditioner ensures a pleasant temperature.
active / employed
'tätig' and 'arbeitend' can both express that someone is working or active. 'Tätig' is often used in fixed phrases like 'in einer Firma tätig sein' (to be employed at a company) or 'als Ärztin tätig sein' (to be employed as a doctor); this sounds somewhat formal and describes a professional role. In 'tätig werden', it means that someone becomes active and does something. 'Arbeitend' describes more of a state: a person is working right now, or a thing is functioning. The words can be confused because both have to do with work. 'Tätig' is usually more natural when it is about a profession or field of work, and 'arbeitend' when you want to emphasize the ongoing process.
Die arbeitende Maschine macht im Nebenraum viel Lärm.
The working machine is making a lot of noise in the next room.
Herr Kaya ist seit zehn Jahren als Ingenieur tätig.
Mr. Kaya has been employed as an engineer for ten years.