emigrant
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emigrant
A male person who leaves his home country in order to live permanently in another country. The feminine form is 'die Auswanderin' (female emigrant).
Viele deutsche Auswanderer zogen im 19. Jahrhundert nach Amerika.
Many German emigrants moved to America in the 19th century.
The word is made up of the prefix 'aus-' (out), the verb 'wandern' (to wander / migrate), and the ending '-er' for a person. So an 'Auswanderer' (emigrant) is literally someone who 'wanders out' of their country.
Als Auswanderer musste er in der neuen Heimat bei null anfangen.
As an emigrant, he had to start from scratch in his new home.
The noun 'der Auswanderer' (emigrant) belongs to the word family of the verb 'auswandern' (to emigrate) and the noun 'die Auswanderung' (emigration). All three terms describe the act of leaving one's home country.
Die Familie plant ihre Auswanderung nach Kanada schon seit Jahren.
The family has been planning their emigration to Canada for years.
In connection with emigration, movement is described with 'auswandern nach' (to emigrate to; for countries with an article die/der/das or without an article) or 'auswandern in' (to emigrate to/into; for countries with an article die/der/das).
Viele Auswanderer zogen im 20. Jahrhundert in die USA.
Many emigrants moved to the USA in the 20th century.
refugee
'der Flüchtling' and 'der Auswanderer' both describe people who leave their home country. The important difference is the reason. A Flüchtling (refugee) leaves because they have to, for example because of war, persecution, or a disaster. An Auswanderer (emigrant) usually leaves in a planned and voluntary way in order to live permanently in another country. The words can be confused because both have to do with life in another country. When force and protection are the main focus, 'Flüchtling' fits. When it is about a voluntary new start, 'Auswanderer' fits.
Mein Freund ist Auswanderer und lebt seit drei Jahren in Kanada.
My friend is an emigrant and has been living in Canada for three years.
Wegen der Kämpfe im Land sucht der Flüchtling Schutz bei Verwandten.
Because of the fighting in the country, the refugee is seeking protection with relatives.