structure
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structure
A building or other large construction created by humans and firmly connected to the ground. The term often emphasizes the architectural or engineering achievement.
Die Pyramiden von Gizeh sind beeindruckende Bauwerke der Antike.
The Pyramids of Giza are impressive structures from antiquity.
'Bauwerk' (structure) is made up of 'Bau' (construction, from the verb 'bauen' — to build) and 'Werk' (a creation, a created object). So it literally means a 'work of building.'
Der Kölner Dom ist ein Meisterwerk der gotischen Baukunst.
Cologne Cathedral is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture.
The term 'Bauwerk' (structure) is often used for large constructions of architectural or historical significance. These include not only buildings, but also bridges, towers, or dams.
Die Golden Gate Bridge ist ein weltberühmtes Bauwerk.
The Golden Gate Bridge is a world-famous structure.
Common verbs used with 'Bauwerk' (structure) are 'errichten' (to erect/build), 'erbauen' (to build), and 'besichtigen' (to visit/tour). Typical adjectives are 'historisch' (historic), 'modern' (modern), 'imposant' (imposing), or 'beeindruckend' (impressive).
Es dauerte Jahrzehnte, dieses imposante Bauwerk zu errichten.
It took decades to erect this imposing structure.
building
Ein Gebäude has a roof and walls and is used, for example, for living, working, or storage. Bauwerk is broader: it can refer to a building, but also to a large structure such as a bridge, and it often emphasizes the architectural or technical achievement.
Das neue Bauwerk neben dem Bahnhof führt als Brücke über die Gleise.
The new structure next to the station carries a bridge over the tracks.
Das neue Gebäude neben dem Bahnhof enthält Büros und Lagerräume.
The new building next to the station contains offices and storage rooms.
