jealous
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jealous of
The feeling of fear and mistrust that one might lose the affection of a loved person to someone else.
Er wird immer eifersüchtig, wenn seine Freundin mit anderen Männern redet.
He always gets jealous when his girlfriend talks to other men.
The word is composed of 'Eifer' (great diligence, passion) and 'Sucht' (strong desire/addiction). So it describes an almost pathologically strong, passionate feeling.
Seine Eifersucht war so stark, dass sie die Beziehung beendete.
His jealousy was so strong that she ended the relationship.
'Eifersüchtig' (jealous) is always used with the preposition 'auf' and the accusative. The structure is: Jemand ist eifersüchtig auf jemanden/etwas (Someone is jealous of someone/something).
Kleine Kinder sind oft eifersüchtig auf ihre neugeborenen Geschwister.
Small children are often jealous of their newborn siblings.
The context makes the difference: 'Eifersüchtig auf eine Person' (jealous of a person) usually refers to relationships (m01). 'Eifersüchtig auf eine Sache oder einen Erfolg' (jealous of a thing or a success) means 'to be envious' (m02).
Sie ist eifersüchtig auf ihre beste Freundin, weil diese einen neuen Partner hat.
She is jealous of her best friend because she has a new partner.
jealous / envious
'neidisch' and 'eifersüchtig' both describe an unpleasant feeling because another person has or gets something. In this sense, they can be similar: you can be 'neidisch' or 'eifersüchtig' of another person's success. The important difference, however, lies in their typical use. 'neidisch' fits when you want to have something or be able to do something that someone else has or can do. 'eifersüchtig' is used especially in relationships when you are afraid of losing someone's love or attention to someone else. Learners often confuse the words because both have to do with comparisons and strong feelings. As a simple guide: for things, success, or abilities, usually use 'neidisch'; for love, partners, and attention, usually use 'eifersüchtig'.
Max wird eifersüchtig, wenn seine Freundin den ganzen Abend mit einem anderen Mann spricht.
Max gets jealous when his girlfriend talks to another man all evening.
Sofia ist neidisch auf den neuen Laptop ihrer Schwester.
Sofia is jealous of her sister's new laptop.