to dismiss / discharge
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to fire
To terminate someone's job; to end an employment relationship.
Die Firma musste wegen der schlechten Auftragslage zwanzig Mitarbeiter entlassen.
Because of the poor order situation, the company had to fire twenty employees.
The verb 'entlassen' (to dismiss/discharge/fire) is inseparable. The prefix 'ent-' remains firmly attached to the stem 'lassen' in all sentence forms and tenses and is not placed at the end of the sentence.
Die Firma entlässt viele Angestellte.
The company is dismissing many employees.
'Entlassen' (to dismiss/discharge/fire) is always used with an accusative object. You ask: Wen oder was entlässt jemand? (Whom or what does someone dismiss/discharge/fire?) This pattern applies to all meanings of the word.
Der Chef entlässt seinen Mitarbeiter.
The boss fires his employee.
The context makes clear which meaning is intended. If it is about a company or work, it means 'kündigen' (to fire/terminate). In connection with a hospital or prison, it means 'gehen lassen' (to let go/release). In a school context, it means to end the lesson.
Wegen der Krise entlässt der Automobilkonzern 500 Leute.
Because of the crisis, the car company is firing 500 people.
In the meaning 'jemandem kündigen' (to fire someone), 'entlassen' belongs to formal or official language, especially in written language. It is the official term in employment contracts and news reports.
Dem Manager wurde fristlos entlassen.
The manager was dismissed without notice.
When someone leaves an institution, 'entlassen' is almost always used with the preposition 'aus' + dative. Typical phrases are 'aus dem Krankenhaus entlassen' (discharged from the hospital) or 'aus der Haft entlassen' (released from custody).
Er wurde nach zehn Jahren aus dem Gefängnis entlassen.
He was released from prison after ten years.
to record / take in
'aufnehmen' and 'entlassen' are clear opposites here. 'aufnehmen' means that someone enters an institution or group, for example a hospital. 'entlassen' means that someone is allowed or required to leave an institution again. Learners may confuse the words because both often occur in the same contexts, such as hospitals, prisons, or the military. Direction is the most important difference: 'aufnehmen' means in, 'entlassen' means out.
Nach drei Tagen wird die Patientin aus dem Krankenhaus entlassen.
After three days, the patient is discharged from the hospital.
Das Krankenhaus nimmt den verletzten Mann noch am Abend auf.
The hospital admits the injured man that same evening.