fiction
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fiction
Something that is invented or imagined and does not correspond to reality. The term is often used for literary works, films, or stories whose plot is not based on true events.
Die Charaktere in diesem Roman sind reine Fiktion und haben keine realen Vorbilder.
The characters in this novel are pure fiction and have no real-life models.
The related adjective is 'fiktiv' (fictional). You speak of 'Fiktion' (fiction) as a concept (noun), but of a 'fiktive' Geschichte (fictional story) or a 'fiktive' Person (fictional person) as an adjective.
Die Handlung des Films ist fiktiv, auch wenn sie an reale Ereignisse erinnert.
The plot of the film is fictional, even though it recalls real events.
'Fiktion' (fiction) is very often used in direct contrast to 'Wirklichkeit' (reality), 'Realität' (reality), or 'Wahrheit' (truth). The distinction between what is invented and what is real is a central theme.
Manchmal ist es schwer, zwischen Fiktion und Wirklichkeit zu unterscheiden.
Sometimes it is hard to distinguish between fiction and reality.
In the meaning 'invented story,' the word is often combined with 'rein' (pure) to emphasize that none of it is true. A typical expression is 'Das ist reine Fiktion' (That is pure fiction).
Die Geschichte über fliegende Autos ist bisher noch reine Fiktion.
The story about flying cars is still pure fiction so far.
This abstract meaning is often found in academic, legal, or philosophical texts. Signal words are adjectives such as 'rechtliche Fiktion' (legal fiction), 'soziale Fiktion' (social fiction), or 'notwendige Fiktion' (necessary fiction).
Im Recht gilt eine juristische Person als eine nützliche Fiktion.
In law, a legal entity is considered a useful fiction.
fact
'die Tatsache' and 'die Fiktion' distinguish reality from invention. A fact belongs to the real world and can be considered true. Fiction is invented, for example in a novel or film. The words can be confused when a story feels very realistic or is based on real events. Still, the rule is: what really happened is called a 'Tatsache'. What is made up is called 'Fiktion'.
Der Film wirkt sehr echt, aber die Handlung ist reine Fiktion.
The film feels very real, but the plot is pure fiction.
Für den Bericht sammelt sie nur Tatsachen und keine persönlichen Meinungen.
For the report, she collects only facts and no personal opinions.