well-founded
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well-founded
Based on a solid foundation of facts, knowledge, or evidence. Well justified and carefully thought through.
Für ihre Doktorarbeit hat sie eine sehr fundierte Recherche betrieben.
For her doctoral thesis, she conducted very well-founded research.
The adjective 'fundiert' (well-founded) is closely related to the noun 'das Fundament' (the foundation). Just as a house needs a strong foundation in order to be stable, an argument needs a well-founded basis of facts in order to be convincing.
Seine Kritik war nicht nur emotional, sondern auch sachlich fundiert.
His criticism was not only emotional, but also factually well-founded.
'Fundiert' (well-founded) is a written-language word and is used mainly in formal, academic, or professional contexts. In everyday conversation, it often sounds very elevated.
Der Experte gab eine fundierte Einschätzung der wirtschaftlichen Lage.
The expert gave a well-founded assessment of the economic situation.
The adjective 'fundiert' (well-founded) usually describes abstract nouns. Common combinations are 'fundiertes Wissen' (well-founded knowledge), 'eine fundierte Analyse' (a well-founded analysis), 'eine fundierte Entscheidung' (a well-founded decision), or 'fundierte Kritik' (well-founded criticism).
Für diesen Job benötigen Sie fundierte Kenntnisse in der Datenanalyse.
For this job, you need well-founded knowledge of data analysis.
justified / entitled
Berechtigt and fundiert can both make criticism appear well-founded. Berechtigt mainly evaluates whether the concern or objection is justified; fundiert emphasizes a solid basis of facts or evidence. Berechtigt is appropriate when the focus is on whether something is justified; fundiert when there is verifiable evidence.
Die Sorge der Anwohner über den Lärm ist fundiert, weil eine Messung die hohen Werte bestätigt.
The residents' concern about the noise is well-founded because a measurement confirmed the high levels.
Die Sorge der Anwohner über den Lärm ist berechtigt, weil die Baustelle sehr früh beginnt.
The residents' concern about the noise is justified because the construction site starts very early.
