monetary policy
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monetary policy
All measures taken by a central bank to achieve goals such as price stability and economic growth, especially by controlling interest rates and the money supply.
Die Europäische Zentralbank hat ihre Geldpolitik gestrafft, um die hohe Inflation zu bekämpfen.
The European Central Bank tightened its monetary policy to combat high inflation.
'Geldpolitik' (monetary policy) is a compound word made up of 'Geld' (money) and 'Politik' (policy/politics). It therefore describes the political decisions and measures that regulate the handling of money in an economy.
Die Geldpolitik ist ein wichtiges Instrument zur Steuerung der Wirtschaft.
Monetary policy is an important instrument for steering the economy.
This word belongs to the technical language of economics and politics. You usually hear or read it in the news, in specialist articles, or in discussions about central banks.
Der Professor erklärte den Studenten die Grundlagen der Geldpolitik.
The professor explained the basics of monetary policy to the students.
Typical adjectives are 'expansiv' (expansionary) or 'locker' (loose/accommodative; more money in circulation) and 'restriktiv' (restrictive) or 'straff' (tight; less money in circulation). A central bank can 'straffen' (tighten) or 'lockern' (loosen/ease) its monetary policy.
Wegen der steigenden Preise verfolgt die Zentralbank eine restriktive Geldpolitik.
Because of rising prices, the central bank is pursuing a restrictive monetary policy.
economic policy
'die Wirtschaftspolitik' (economic policy) and 'die Geldpolitik' (monetary policy) both belong to the area of politics and economics. They can therefore easily be confused. 'Wirtschaftspolitik' is the broader term: it is about government decisions that influence the economy as a whole. 'Geldpolitik' is more specific and is made by the central bank. It is mainly about interest rates, the money supply, and stable prices. So when the government talks about taxes, work, or companies, 'Wirtschaftspolitik' usually fits. When it is about interest rates and the central bank, 'Geldpolitik' fits.
Nach der Sitzung erklärt die Zentralbank ihre neue Geldpolitik.
After the meeting, the central bank explains its new monetary policy.
Die Wirtschaftspolitik der Regierung soll kleine Unternehmen stärker unterstützen.
The government's economic policy is intended to provide stronger support for small businesses.