juror
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juror
A citizen who, as a member of a jury in a court trial, helps decide whether the defendant is guilty or innocent.
Ein Geschworener muss unparteiisch sein und sein Urteil allein auf die vorgelegten Beweise stützen.
A juror must be impartial and base their verdict solely on the evidence presented.
The word comes from the verb 'schwören' (to swear). A 'Geschworener' (juror) is therefore literally a person who has sworn an oath in order to judge impartially.
Die ausgewählten Geschworenen mussten einen Eid ablegen.
The selected jurors had to take an oath.
'Geschworener' (juror) is a nominalized adjective and is declined like one. The ending changes depending on the article and case.
Ein Geschworener muss aufmerksam sein.
A juror must be attentive.
In legal contexts, this word is often used with certain verbs, for example 'als Geschworener berufen werden' (to be called as a juror), 'die Geschworenen beraten sich' (the jurors deliberate), or 'die Geschworenen fällen ein Urteil' (the jurors reach a verdict).
Nach langer Beratung fällten die Geschworenen ihr Urteil.
After a long deliberation, the jurors reached their verdict.
judge
'der Richter' and 'der Geschworene' both belong to the area of courts and trials. But they have different roles. 'der Richter' is a professional person at a court and leads the proceedings or passes judgment. 'der Geschworene' is a citizen on a jury and decides together with others whether a defendant is guilty or innocent. Learners may confuse the words because both are involved in a decision in court. The important point is: the judge is the legal official, while the juror is a member of the jury.
Ein Geschworener hörte während der Verhandlung sehr genau zu.
A juror listened very carefully during the trial.
Der Richter erklärte dem Angeklagten ruhig die Entscheidung.
The judge calmly explained the decision to the defendant.