obtained / won
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obtained
Extracted, produced, or made from a raw material or natural source.
Das aus Oliven gewonnene Öl ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der mediterranen Küche.
The oil obtained from olives is an important component of Mediterranean cuisine.
'Gewonnen' (obtained/won) is the past participle of the verb 'gewinnen' (to win; to obtain). It is often used as an adjective or as part of a participial construction.
Die aus den Daten gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sind sehr wertvoll.
The insights obtained from the data are very valuable.
In this meaning, 'gewonnen' (obtained) often comes after the noun and is complemented by the preposition 'aus' + dative. This structure describes the origin of a material.
Salz, das aus Meerwasser gewonnen wird, nennt man Meersalz.
Salt that is obtained from seawater is called sea salt.
The preposition 'aus' + raw material (e.g. 'aus Pflanzen' (from plants), 'aus Erzen' (from ores)) points to the meaning 'extracted'. A context of sports, games, or conflict points to the meaning 'won'.
Das aus Kakaobohnen gewonnene Pulver ist die Basis für Schokolade.
The powder obtained from cocoa beans is the basis for chocolate.
lost
'verloren' and 'gewonnen' form a contrast when it comes to success or failure. 'Gewonnen' means that you were successful in a game, competition, or fight. 'Verloren' then describes the other side: there is no longer any prospect of success, or the game can no longer be saved. Important: 'verloren' can also have other meanings, for example 'no longer findable' or 'lonely'. But the contrast with 'gewonnen' mainly fits games, competitions, and similar situations.
Mit einem Tor in der letzten Minute hat das Team das Finale gewonnen.
With a goal in the final minute, the team won the final.
Nach dem dritten Gegentor war das Spiel für unsere Mannschaft fast verloren.
After the third goal against them, the game was almost lost for our team.