compensation
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compensation
Compensation for a disadvantage, damage, or loss that has occurred, often in the form of money or another service.
Als Kompensation für den Flugausfall erhielten die Passagiere einen Hotelgutschein.
As compensation for the flight cancellation, the passengers received a hotel voucher.
'Kompensation' (compensation) belongs to the verb 'kompensieren' (to compensate). The ending '-ation' is typical of nouns derived from verbs of Latin origin and often indicates formal usage.
Wir müssen einen Weg finden, den Nachteil zu kompensieren.
We have to find a way to compensate for the disadvantage.
'Kompensation' (compensation) is a rather formal word that is mainly used in official, legal, technical, or scientific contexts.
Der Anwalt forderte für seinen Mandanten eine finanzielle Kompensation.
The lawyer demanded financial compensation for his client.
To indicate the reason for compensation, the preposition 'für' (for) is used with the accusative. One receives compensation 'für' (for) damage or a delay.
Gibt es eine Kompensation für das beschädigte Gepäck?
Is there any compensation for the damaged luggage?
Common verbs in this meaning are 'eine Kompensation erhalten' (to receive compensation), 'eine Kompensation zahlen' (to pay compensation), or 'eine Kompensation fordern' (to demand compensation).
Die Fluggesellschaft muss den Passagieren eine Kompensation anbieten.
The airline must offer the passengers compensation.
replacement / compensation
'der Ersatz' and 'die Kompensation' can both mean compensation for a disadvantage, damage, or loss. 'Ersatz' is more common and more concrete in everyday language. You often think of something that takes the place of something else, or of a simple form of restitution. 'Kompensation' sounds more formal and emphasizes making up for a disadvantage, often through money or another service. The words can be confused when someone loses something and receives something in return. In simple everyday situations, 'Ersatz' is usually more natural. In official, economic, or factual texts, 'Kompensation' often fits well.
Die Firma bietet den Kunden eine Kompensation für die lange Wartezeit an.
The company offers customers compensation for the long wait.
Weil mein Termin ausgefallen ist, suche ich einen Ersatz für nächste Woche.
Because my appointment was canceled, I am looking for a replacement for next week.