livelihood
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livelihood
The totality of material and immaterial resources that are necessary for the survival and existence of humans, animals, or plants.
Für viele Fischer ist der See die alleinige Lebensgrundlage.
For many fishermen, the lake is their only livelihood.
The word is made up of 'Leben' (life), the linking -s, and 'Grundlage' (basis/foundation). So it literally means the 'basis of life' and describes everything that is necessary for survival.
Der Schutz der natürlichen Lebensgrundlagen ist eine globale Aufgabe.
Protecting the natural bases of life is a global task.
This noun is often used with verbs that express a threat or protection. Typical formulations are 'die Lebensgrundlage entziehen' (to deprive someone of their livelihood), 'die Lebensgrundlage zerstören' (to destroy someone's livelihood), or 'die Lebensgrundlage sichern' (to secure someone's livelihood).
Die Dürre droht, den Bauern die Lebensgrundlage zu entziehen.
The drought threatens to deprive the farmers of their livelihood.
'Lebensgrundlage' is a rather formal word that is often used in political, ecological, or scientific discussions. It is frequently found in news reports and specialist texts.
Die Konferenz diskutierte über den Erhalt der Lebensgrundlagen für zukünftige Generationen.
The conference discussed the preservation of the bases of life for future generations.
basis / foundation
'die Grundlage' and 'die Lebensgrundlage' both have to do with something important that is needed. However, 'Grundlage' is much more general: it can be the basis for knowledge, an argument, a relationship, or a plan. 'Lebensgrundlage' is more specific and means what people, animals, or plants need for life and survival, for example work, food, water, or nature. The words can be confused because both contain 'Grundlage'. 'Lebensgrundlage' only fits when it is really about existence and life.
Für viele Familien ist die Landwirtschaft die wichtigste Lebensgrundlage.
For many families, agriculture is the most important livelihood.
Diese Zahlen bilden die Grundlage für unsere Entscheidung.
These figures form the basis for our decision.