mechanism
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mechanism
A technical system made up of several interacting parts that performs a specific movement or function, such as in a machine or a clock.
Der Mechanismus zum Öffnen des Fensters ist kaputt.
The mechanism for opening the window is broken.
You can recognize the meaning from the context. If it is about technology, machines, or devices, the technical mechanism (m01) is meant. In scientific or psychological texts that deal with processes and effects, the abstract meaning (m02) is meant.
Der Mechanismus der alten Uhr ist sehr filigran.
The mechanism of the old clock is very delicate.
In the technical sense, 'Mechanismus' (mechanism) is often used with verbs such as 'funktionieren' (to function/work), 'klemmen' (to jam/stick), or 'reparieren' (to repair). Common adjectives are 'einfach' (simple), 'komplex' (complex), or 'automatisch' (automatic).
Der Schließmechanismus der Tür klemmt schon wieder.
The door's locking mechanism is sticking again.
In the figurative sense, 'Mechanismus' (mechanism) is often combined with adjectives that name the field. Typical examples are 'psychologische Mechanismen' (psychological mechanisms), 'biologische Mechanismen' (biological mechanisms), or 'soziale Mechanismen' (social mechanisms).
Die Forscher untersuchen die molekularen Mechanismen, die zur Zellalterung führen.
The researchers are studying the molecular mechanisms that lead to cell aging.
The word 'Mechanismus' (mechanism) belongs to a rather formal or technical register in both meanings. In everyday language, simpler words like 'Technik' (technology/technique), 'Funktion' (function), or 'Ablauf' (process/sequence) are often used.
In seinem Vortrag erläuterte er den Mechanismus der Photosynthese.
In his lecture, he explained the mechanism of photosynthesis.
system
'das System' and 'der Mechanismus' both describe several parts working together. 'System' means the whole ordered structure, for example a technical, social, or biological whole. 'Mechanismus' refers more to how something works within this whole: which parts move, or which cause leads to which effect. Learners may confuse the words because both often appear in technology or complex processes. If you mean the whole, use 'System'. If you mean the process or the way something functions, 'Mechanismus' fits better.
Der Mechanismus der alten Uhr funktioniert noch, aber er ist sehr laut.
The mechanism of the old clock still works, but it is very loud.
Im Krankenhaus sorgt ein digitales System dafür, dass keine Termine verloren gehen.
In the hospital, a digital system ensures that no appointments are lost.