to qualify
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to qualify for
To meet the necessary requirements or achieve the necessary results in order to be allowed to take part in something, for example a competition, an exam, or a higher round.
Die deutsche Nationalmannschaft hat sich für die Weltmeisterschaft qualifiziert.
The German national team qualified for the World Cup.
Like many verbs ending in '-ieren', 'qualifizieren' (to qualify) is a regular (weak) verb that often comes from a foreign language. The past participle is formed without 'ge-': 'qualifiziert' (qualified), not 'gequalifiziert'.
Er hat sich durch den Sieg direkt für das Finale qualifiziert.
He qualified directly for the final through his victory.
In the meaning 'sich für einen Wettbewerb qualifizieren' (to qualify for a competition), the verb is always reflexive ('sich qualifizieren') and is used with the fixed preposition 'für' + accusative.
Die Mannschaft muss das nächste Spiel gewinnen, um sich für die nächste Runde zu qualifizieren.
The team has to win the next game in order to qualify for the next round.
When the verb means 'jemanden ausbilden' (to train someone), it is transitive. The person acquiring the skills is the direct object (accusative).
Der Kurs soll die Teilnehmer für den Umgang mit der neuen Software qualifizieren.
The course is intended to qualify the participants to work with the new software.
The reflexive form 'sich qualifizieren für' (to qualify for) can mean two things. In a sports or competition context, it is about earning the right to participate. In a professional context, it means being suitable for a position because of experience and skills.
Der Schwimmer hat sich für Olympia qualifiziert.
The swimmer qualified for the Olympics.
The construction 'etwas als etwas qualifizieren' (to classify something as something) is typical of technical language, especially in the legal field. It is used to formally assess and categorize a situation.
Der Anwalt versuchte, die Handlung als Notwehr zu qualifizieren.
The lawyer tried to classify the action as self-defense.
to pass / consist / exist
'bestehen' and 'sich qualifizieren' can both mean that someone achieves a necessary result. Use 'bestehen' mainly for an exam, test, or direct challenge: you have reached the required minimum. 'sich qualifizieren' means that through a performance, you get permission or meet the requirement for the next step, for example for a next round or a competition. Learners may confuse the words because both sound like success. 'bestehen' fits the exam itself; 'sich qualifizieren' fits access to something further.
Mit dem Sieg am Montag qualifiziert sich das Team für die nächste Runde.
With the win on Monday, the team qualifies for the next round.
Der Kunde muss den kurzen Test bestehen, bevor er das Gerät benutzen darf.
The customer must pass the short test before he is allowed to use the device.