revision / review
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review / overhaul
A thorough review, inspection, or revision, for example of technical systems, texts, or balance sheets.
Die jährliche Revision der Heizungsanlage steht an.
The annual overhaul of the heating system is coming up.
The noun 'Revision' (revision/review) belongs to the verb 'revidieren' (to revise). Both come from the Latin 'revidere', meaning 'to look at again'. This origin explains the basic idea of review and reassessment in all meanings.
Der Autor muss sein Manuskript vor der Veröffentlichung noch einmal revidieren.
The author still has to revise his manuscript once more before publication.
You can easily recognize the meaning of 'Revision' (revision/review) from the context. In the legal field, it is a legal remedy; in a technical context, it refers to maintenance; and in science, it means the adjustment of a theory.
Der Techniker führt die Revision des Aufzugs durch.
The technician carries out the inspection of the elevator.
In the legal context, 'Revision' (appeal on points of law) is almost always used in the fixed phrase 'Revision einlegen' (to file an appeal on points of law). This means having a judgment reviewed by a higher court.
Die Staatsanwaltschaft hat gegen das milde Urteil Revision eingelegt.
The public prosecutor's office filed an appeal on points of law against the lenient judgment.
When it is about a review or inspection, 'Revision' (review/inspection) is often combined with verbs such as 'durchführen' (to carry out) or 'vornehmen' (to perform). Adjectives such as 'jährlich' (annual) or 'regelmäßig' (regular) are also typical.
Eine externe Firma führt die Revision der Buchhaltung durch.
An external company carries out the audit of the accounting.
control / check
'die Kontrolle' and 'die Revision' can both mean a thorough check or review. 'Kontrolle' is the more general word and also fits simple everyday checks. 'Revision' sounds more formal and often more thorough. It is used, for example, with balance sheets, technical systems, or texts when something is checked systematically and sometimes also revised. The words can be confused because both look for errors or problems. 'Kontrolle' is enough for normal checks. 'Revision' is more appropriate when the check is official, precise, or connected with a possible correction.
Vor dem Druck braucht der Text noch eine Revision.
Before printing, the text still needs a revision.
Heute macht mein Nachbar eine Kontrolle der Heizung.
Today my neighbor is checking the heating system.