gradual / stealthy
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gradual
Developing or spreading slowly, inconspicuously, and gradually. The term is often used for processes or changes that are barely noticed at first.
Es war ein schleichender Prozess, bis die Inflation für alle spürbar wurde.
It was a gradual process until inflation became noticeable to everyone.
'Schleichend' is the present participle of the verb 'schleichen' (to move quietly and slowly). The meanings of the adjective are derived directly from this verb: either a concrete slow movement or a figurative, slow process.
Die Katze nähert sich schleichend der Maus.
The cat approaches the mouse stealthily.
In the figurative meaning, 'schleichend' is often combined with negative, abstract processes. Typical collocations are 'ein schleichender Prozess' (a gradual process), 'eine schleichende Gefahr' (a creeping danger), or 'schleichendes Gift' (slow-acting poison).
Der Vertrauensverlust war ein schleichender Prozess über viele Monate.
The loss of trust was a gradual process over many months.
You can recognize the meaning from the noun: If 'schleichend' refers to a concrete movement, e.g. 'Schritte' (steps) or 'Gang' (gait), the literal meaning is intended. If it refers to an abstract term, e.g. 'Prozess' (process) or 'Veränderung' (change), the figurative meaning is intended.
Er verließ den Raum mit schleichenden Schritten.
He left the room with stealthy steps.
'Schleichend' can also be used as an adverb to describe a verb. It then remains unchanged in the sentence and describes how an action happens.
Die Nacht kam schleichend über das Tal.
Night came gradually over the valley.
slow
'langsam' and 'schleichend' can both mean that something is not happening quickly. 'langsam' is neutral and describes only the low speed or a gradual development. 'schleichend' emphasizes that a change begins inconspicuously and is only noticed late. For movement, 'schleichend' can also mean that someone walks quietly and carefully. Learners may confuse the words because both fit gradual processes. If only the speed is important, use 'langsam'. If something arises secretly, unnoticed, or barely visibly, 'schleichend' fits better.
Die Müdigkeit kam schleichend, bis sie sich kaum noch konzentrieren konnte.
The tiredness came on gradually until she could barely concentrate anymore.
Im Winter wird es schon am Nachmittag langsam dunkel.
In winter, it gradually gets dark in the afternoon already.