so-called
Loading your saved state.
so-called
Used to introduce a term, often with a distancing or skeptical attitude. It suggests that the speaker considers the term inaccurate or is merely quoting it.
Der sogenannte Experte konnte keine einzige Frage richtig beantworten.
The so-called expert could not answer a single question correctly.
so-called
Used neutrally to name a technical term or specific designation for something that may be unfamiliar to the listener or reader.
Die Daten werden in der sogenannten Cloud gespeichert, also auf externen Servern.
The data is stored in the so-called cloud, that is, on external servers.
'Sogenannt' (so-called) is the past participle of 'so nennen' (to call that). It literally means 'called that' and is used to mark a term or name for something.
Man nennt diese Wolken so, weil sie wie Federn aussehen.
These clouds are called that because they look like feathers.
'Sogenannt' (so-called) is used like a normal adjective directly before a noun and must be declined. It almost never stands alone at the end of a sentence.
Er hat sich ein sogenanntes E-Bike gekauft.
He bought himself a so-called e-bike.
You can often recognize the skeptical meaning from context that contains criticism or irony. In spoken language, the stress of the word is also changed to express distance.
Sein sogenannter Freund hat ihn einfach allein gelassen.
His so-called friend simply left him alone.
In neutral, often technical or explanatory texts, 'sogenannt' (so-called) introduces a term that is then defined more precisely. An explanation often follows with 'also' (that is), 'das heißt' (that means), or a relative clause.
Das Gerät misst die sogenannte Luftfeuchtigkeit, also den Wasseranteil in der Luft.
The device measures the so-called humidity, that is, the amount of water in the air.
supposedly / alleged
Sogenannt expresses distance from a term being used: Someone may be called an “expert,” for example, but the speaker may consider the term inappropriate. Angeblich, by contrast, questions whether the claimed quality is true or has actually been proven.
Der sogenannte Experte gab uns einen völlig unbrauchbaren Rat.
The so-called expert gave us completely useless advice.
Der angebliche Experte konnte seine Ausbildung nicht nachweisen.
The alleged expert could not provide proof of his training.
