socialization
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socialization
The process by which an individual learns and internalizes the norms, values, behaviors, and social skills of a society or group.
Die Sozialisation eines Kindes beginnt in der Familie und wird in der Schule fortgesetzt.
A child's socialization begins in the family and continues at school.
'Sozialisation' (socialization) belongs to the word family of 'sozial' (social). The suffix '-ation' comes from Latin and always denotes a process or procedure. So the word describes the process of 'becoming social'.
Die Sozialisation ist ein lebenslanger Prozess.
Socialization is a lifelong process.
The two meanings can be distinguished well by context. If it is about people, upbringing, society, and learning rules (e.g., 'Kind' — child, 'Familie' — family, 'Schule' — school), the sociological meaning is intended. If it is about the economy, politics, and ownership (e.g., 'Betriebe' — businesses, 'Konzerne' — corporations, 'Staat' — state), the economic meaning is intended.
Die frühe Sozialisation im Elternhaus prägt einen Menschen stark.
Early socialization in the parental home strongly shapes a person.
In the sociological context, a distinction is often made between 'primäre Sozialisation' (primary socialization, in the family) and 'sekundäre Sozialisation' (secondary socialization, in school, work, etc.). Another common phrase is 'der Prozess der Sozialisation' (the process of socialization).
Die sekundäre Sozialisation findet außerhalb der Familie statt, zum Beispiel durch Freunde und Medien.
Secondary socialization takes place outside the family, for example through friends and media.
The meaning 'Überführung in Gemeineigentum' (transfer into common ownership) is a technical term from politics and economics. In normal everyday life, this meaning is rarely used.
Die Forderung nach der Sozialisation von Schlüsselindustrien ist Teil ihres Parteiprogramms.
The demand for the socialization of key industries is part of their party platform.
upbringing / education
'die Erziehung' and 'die Sozialisation' both describe how people learn rules, values, and behavior. 'Erziehung' is usually intentional: parents, teachers, or other people want to teach a child something. 'Sozialisation' is broader and also happens through family, friends, school, media, and society as a whole, often without a direct plan. The words can be confused because both have to do with development and behavior. For specific rules at home, 'Erziehung' fits better; for the influence of the environment on a person, 'Sozialisation' is more precise.
In der Schule spielt die Sozialisation eine große Rolle, weil Kinder dort den Umgang mit anderen lernen.
Socialization plays a major role at school because children learn how to interact with others there.
Ihre Erziehung war streng, aber sie hat dadurch früh Verantwortung gelernt.
Her upbringing was strict, but it taught her responsibility early on.