mortal
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mortal
Subject to the fact that one must die and does not live forever.
Die alten Griechen glaubten, dass die Götter unsterblich und die Menschen sterblich sind.
The ancient Greeks believed that the gods are immortal and humans are mortal.
'Sterblich' (mortal) is the adjective related to the verb 'sterben' (to die). The ending '-lich' forms the adjective. The direct opposite is formed with the prefix 'un-': 'unsterblich' (immortal).
Alle Lebewesen auf der Erde sind sterblich.
All living beings on Earth are mortal.
The expression 'sich sterblich verlieben' (to fall madly in love) is a fixed idiom. Here, 'sterblich' acts as an intensifier and means 'extremely strongly'. The construction is always: sich in jemanden (accusative) sterblich verlieben.
Sie hat sich im Urlaub sterblich in den Reiseführer verliebt.
She fell madly in love with the tour guide while on vacation.
You can recognize the meaning of 'sterblich' (mortal) from the context. If it appears together with the verb 'sich verlieben' (to fall in love), it means 'extremely'. In all other cases, it means that someone or something does not live forever.
Er hat sich sterblich in seine neue Kollegin verliebt.
He fell madly in love with his new colleague.
In the meaning 'not living forever', 'sterblich' (mortal) is often used in a philosophical, religious, or elevated context. A very fixed expression is 'sterbliche Überreste' (mortal remains) for a corpse.
Nach dem Unglück wurden die sterblichen Überreste der Opfer geborgen.
After the accident, the mortal remains of the victims were recovered.
finally / finite
'endlich' and 'sterblich' overlap when it comes to limitation and life. Here, 'endlich' means that something is not unlimited and has an end. This can refer to time, space, or existence in general. 'sterblich' is used especially for living beings that must die at some point. The words can be confusing because a mortal life is also finite. But 'endlich' is more general, while 'sterblich' is directly connected to the death of humans, animals, or beings. Important: 'endlich' very often also means 'after a long wait', but that does not fit with 'sterblich'.
Auch die stärksten Helden in dieser Geschichte sind sterblich.
Even the strongest heroes in this story are mortal.
Unsere Zeit auf der Erde ist endlich, deshalb sollten wir sie bewusst nutzen.
Our time on Earth is finite, so we should use it consciously.