subject
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subject
In grammar, the part of the sentence that indicates who or what does something or is in a certain state. You identify it with 'Wer oder was?' (Who or what?).
Im Satz „Der Hund bellt“ ist „Der Hund“ das Subjekt.
In the sentence 'Der Hund bellt' (The dog barks), 'Der Hund' (the dog) is the subject.
subject
In philosophy, the thinking, perceiving, and acting self or consciousness that stands opposite the world (the object).
Die Beziehung zwischen Subjekt und Objekt ist ein zentrales Thema der Erkenntnistheorie.
The relationship between subject and object is a central topic in epistemology.
subject
A person who is under the rule of a monarch or state; a subject. This meaning is now rather outdated or formal.
Der König verlangte von seinen Subjekten unbedingten Gehorsam.
The king demanded unconditional obedience from his subjects.
Although 'Subjekt' resembles the English 'subject', in German it does not mean 'topic'. If you are talking about the topic of an email or a conversation, use 'das Thema' (topic) or 'der Betreff' (subject line).
In der Grammatikstunde haben wir gelernt, das Subjekt im Satz zu finden.
In grammar class, we learned how to find the subject in a sentence.
In grammar, the subject is always in the nominative. You find it with the question 'Wer oder was?' (Who or what?). The conjugated verb in the sentence agrees with the subject in person and number.
Im Satz „Die Kinder spielen“ ist „Die Kinder“ das Subjekt.
In the sentence 'Die Kinder spielen' (The children are playing), 'Die Kinder' (the children) is the subject.
You can recognize the philosophical meaning of 'Subjekt' (subject) as the thinking self from context. It is often used in academic or theoretical texts and usually forms a contrast with the 'Objekt' (object).
Kant untersuchte die Beziehung zwischen Subjekt und Objekt in der Erkenntnis.
Kant examined the relationship between subject and object in cognition.
The meaning 'Untertan' (subject) is outdated today and is used almost only in historical contexts when talking about monarchies or earlier forms of government.
Der König erwartete von seinen Subjekten absoluten Gehorsam.
The king expected absolute obedience from his subjects.
subject
Both words can refer to a person under the rule of a monarch or state. In this meaning, Subjekt now sounds rather outdated or especially formal, while Untertan is mainly used in historical contexts. In a historical text, Untertan is usually the better choice; Subjekt can sound deliberately old-fashioned.
Der König erwartete von jedem Subjekt Gehorsam.
The king expected obedience from every subject.
Der König erwartete von jedem Untertan Gehorsam.
The king expected obedience from every subject.
