cloudy / murky
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murky
Describes something that is not clear or transparent, but milky or opaque, such as water or the air on a foggy day.
Das Wasser im Teich war nach dem Regen ganz trüb.
The water in the pond was completely murky after the rain.
The adjective 'trüb' (cloudy/murky) belongs to a word family with the verb 'trüben' (to cloud; to make something unclear) and the noun 'die Trübung' (clouding; opacity). All the words share the basic idea of a lack of clarity, brightness, or cheerfulness.
Schlechte Nachrichten trübten seine gute Laune.
Bad news clouded his good mood.
You can recognize the exact meaning of 'trüb' (cloudy/murky) from the noun it describes. With liquids, it means 'opaque'; with weather, 'gray and overcast'; and with feelings or thoughts, 'melancholic'.
Der naturtrübe Apfelsaft schmeckt besonders gut.
The naturally cloudy apple juice tastes especially good.
In the meaning 'not clear', 'trüb' (murky/cloudy) is often used for liquids or glass. Typical combinations are 'trübes Wasser' (murky water), 'trüber Saft' (cloudy juice), or also 'trübe Augen' (cloudy eyes) when someone is ill or has cried.
Nach dem starken Regen war das Bachwasser ganz trüb.
After the heavy rain, the stream water was completely murky.
In a figurative sense, 'trüb' (gloomy) describes a negative, pessimistic mood. Common phrases are 'trübe Gedanken haben' (to have gloomy thoughts), 'in trüber Stimmung sein' (to be in a gloomy mood), or 'trübe Aussichten haben' (to have gloomy prospects).
Lass uns einen Spaziergang machen, das hilft gegen trübe Stimmung.
Let's go for a walk; that helps against a gloomy mood.
clear
Here, 'klar' and 'trüb' describe whether you can see through something. 'klar' fits with water, glass, or air when they are transparent. 'trüb' is used when water or air is milky, gray, or not transparent. The contrast is very concrete: in clear water you can see the bottom; in murky water you cannot.
Nach dem starken Regen war der Fluss braun und trüb.
After the heavy rain, the river was brown and murky.
Im Bergsee ist das Wasser so klar, dass man die Steine am Grund sieht.
In the mountain lake, the water is so clear that you can see the stones at the bottom.