01
umfassen
to include
To contain, include, or consist of something. Describes the content or scope of something.
example
Die Prüfung umfasst die Themen der letzten drei Monate.
The exam includes the topics from the last three months.
umfassen
to include / to embrace
Checking...
Loading your saved state.
Meanings
01 / 02
Usage tips
Inseparable verb
'Umfassen' (to include / to embrace) is an inseparable verb. The prefix 'um-' remains firmly attached to the verb stem 'fassen' in all tenses and sentence constructions.
EXAMPLE
Der Bericht umfasste mehr als hundert Seiten.
The report included more than a hundred pages.
Word structure
The word is made up of 'um' (around) and 'fassen' (to grasp). This literal meaning helps you understand both main meanings: you can mentally 'grasp around' a topic (include it) or 'grasp around' a person with your arms (embrace them).
EXAMPLE
Sein Werk umfasst Gedichte, Romane und Theaterstücke.
His work includes poems, novels, and plays.
Context clue
The two meanings can easily be recognized from the object. If the object refers to something abstract (e.g., topics, tasks, an area), 'umfassen' means 'to include'. If it refers to something concrete that you can touch (e.g., a person, a hand), it means 'to embrace' or 'to grasp'.
EXAMPLE
Das Projekt umfasst mehrere Arbeitsschritte.
The project includes several work steps.
Register and style
In the meaning 'to include', 'umfassen' belongs more to written language or a formal style. It is often used in reports, academic texts, and official descriptions.
EXAMPLE
Das Studium umfasst sowohl theoretische als auch praktische Teile.
The course of study includes both theoretical and practical parts.
Compare with
umfassen vs bestehen
to pass / consist / exist
'bestehen aus' and 'umfassen' can both describe which parts belong to something. 'bestehen aus' says which elements something is made up of. 'umfassen' describes the overall scope more: it says what all belongs to it or is included. Learners may confuse the words because both appear in lists and descriptions. When you name the building blocks or components, 'bestehen aus' fits. When you describe the content or size of a plan, course, or offer, 'umfassen' often sounds more natural.
umfassen
Das neue Programm umfasst Beratung, Training und Hilfe bei der Jobsuche.
The new program includes counseling, training, and help with the job search.
bestehen
Das Team besteht aus fünf festen Mitarbeitern und zwei Praktikanten.
The team consists of five permanent employees and two interns.
In real life
Loading video examples...