subject to
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subject to
Expresses a condition; on the condition that something specific is present or occurs. It is often used in formal or legal contexts and usually takes the genitive in German.
Die Einstellung erfolgt vorbehaltlich der Zustimmung des Betriebsrats.
The hiring is subject to the approval of the works council.
'Vorbehaltlich' (subject to) is used like a preposition and requires the genitive. It introduces a condition under which something applies.
Der Vertrag ist gültig, vorbehaltlich der Prüfung aller Unterlagen.
The contract is valid, subject to the review of all documents.
The word is derived from 'der Vorbehalt' (reservation/condition), which means 'condition' or 'restriction'. When something happens 'vorbehaltlich' (subject to), it happens under a specific condition.
Er nahm das Angebot nur unter Vorbehalt an.
He accepted the offer only with reservations.
This word belongs to formal written language. You often find it in contracts, official communications, and business contexts.
Die Zusage gilt vorbehaltlich eines positiven Testergebnisses.
The confirmation applies subject to a positive test result.
dependent / addicted
'abhängig' and 'vorbehaltlich' can both express that something applies only under a certain condition. 'abhängig von' (dependent on) is used generally when something is determined by a circumstance. It fits in everyday life, work, and planning. 'vorbehaltlich' (subject to) sounds much more formal and means: something applies only if a particular matter is still confirmed or does not speak against it. You often find it in contracts, official texts, or news reports. Learners may confuse the words because both name a condition. In practice: 'abhängig von' explains a connection, while 'vorbehaltlich' makes a formal restriction.
Vorbehaltlich der Zustimmung des Chefs beginnt das Projekt nächste Woche.
Subject to the boss's approval, the project will start next week.
Ob Max heute mitkommt, ist von seiner Arbeit abhängig.
Whether Max comes along today depends on his work.