primarily
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primarily
Means mainly, first and foremost, or above all. It is used to emphasize the most important aspect or part of something.
Die Stiftung unterstützt vornehmlich Projekte für Kinder und Jugendliche.
The foundation primarily supports projects for children and young people.
'Vornehmlich' (primarily) belongs to elevated or formal language. It is used more often in written texts, reports, or formal speeches.
Die Forschung konzentriert sich vornehmlich auf erneuerbare Energien.
The research focuses primarily on renewable energy.
As an adverb, 'vornehmlich' (primarily) can stand in position 1, which leads to inversion (verb in position 2). But it can also be placed after the verb within the sentence.
Vornehmlich ältere Menschen nutzen diesen Service.
Primarily older people use this service.
The word is a derivation of 'vornehm' (distinguished/elegant). The original meaning of 'vornehm' was 'that which one takes first' (vor-nehmen). This idea of the 'first' or 'most important' is also contained in 'vornehmlich' (primarily).
Er liest vornehmlich historische Romane.
He primarily reads historical novels.
especially / special
'besonders' and 'vornehmlich' can both emphasize something. 'besonders' is very general: it can mean 'very', 'especially', or 'above all'. 'vornehmlich' more specifically means 'mainly' or 'primarily'. It fits better when you are saying what something is most focused on. The words can be confused because 'besonders' sometimes also means 'above all'. But if you want to name the most important part or focus, 'vornehmlich' is more precise. In everyday language, 'besonders' often sounds more natural.
Der Kurs richtet sich vornehmlich an Anfänger.
The course is aimed primarily at beginners.
Das Team war nach dem Spiel besonders stolz auf den neuen Torwart.
After the game, the team was especially proud of the new goalkeeper.