to advise against
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to advise against
To give someone the advice not to do something specific. It is the opposite of 'jemandem zu etwas raten' (to advise someone to do something).
Ich muss dir dringend davon abraten, dieses Auto zu kaufen.
I must strongly advise you against buying this car.
'Abraten' (to advise against) is a separable verb. The prefix 'ab-' comes at the end in a main clause. In subordinate clauses and in the infinitive with 'zu', the verb stays together.
Mein Freund rät mir von dieser Reise ab.
My friend advises me against this trip.
The structure is fixed: you advise 'jemandem' (someone, dative) 'von etwas' (against something, dative) 'ab'. Make sure to use the dative for both the person and the thing.
Die Expertin hat uns von einer schnellen Entscheidung abgeraten.
The expert advised us against making a quick decision.
When advising against an action, an infinitive construction with 'zu' is often used. In that case, the pronoun 'davon' is used as a placeholder.
Ich rate dir davon ab, den Job sofort zu kündigen.
I advise you against quitting the job immediately.
to warn
Warnen draws attention to an impending danger or possible negative consequence. Abraten goes a step further and explicitly recommends not taking a particular action. If the main point is to name the danger, use warn; if the aim is to influence a decision, use abraten to advise against the action.
Der Bergführer rät der Gruppe wegen des Steinschlags von diesem Weg ab.
Because of the falling rocks, the mountain guide advised the group against taking this path.
Der Bergführer warnt die Gruppe vor Steinschlag auf dem steilen Weg.
The mountain guide warned the group about falling rocks on the steep path.
