aggression
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aggression
Hostile and attacking behavior toward other people, animals, or things, often aimed at causing harm or establishing dominance.
Der Hund zeigte deutliche Zeichen von Aggression gegenüber Fremden.
The dog showed clear signs of aggression toward strangers.
The context makes the meaning clear. If people are talking about the behavior of humans or animals, the psychological meaning is meant. If they are talking about states, the military, and international law, the armed attack is meant.
Sein Verhalten grenzte an Aggression.
His behavior bordered on aggression.
In a psychological context, typical phrases are 'Aggressionen zeigen' (to show aggression), 'Aggressionen abbauen' (to release aggression), or 'unterdrückte Aggressionen haben' (to have suppressed aggression).
Sport kann helfen, Aggressionen abzubauen.
Sports can help release aggression.
The plural 'Aggressionen' is often used to describe concrete aggressive actions or recurring hostile feelings, while the singular 'die Aggression' refers more to the general concept.
Er hat Probleme, seine Aggressionen zu kontrollieren.
He has problems controlling his aggression.
violence / authority / force
'Gewalt' and 'Aggression' can both have to do with attack and harm. 'Gewalt' usually means the actual use of physical force to injure, harm, or force someone. 'Aggression' more often describes hostile, attacking behavior or an attitude that can lead to violence. So aggression does not always have to be physical violence already. In a political or legal context, 'Aggression' can also mean an armed attack by a state. The words are easy to confuse because aggression often comes before violence. If actual physical force or injury is meant, 'Gewalt' fits. If the focus is on hostile behavior or readiness to attack, 'Aggression' fits better.
Nach dem Streit merkte er seine Aggression und ging kurz aus der Küche.
After the argument, he noticed his aggression and stepped out of the kitchen for a moment.
Gewalt ist bei der Arbeit nie eine Lösung, auch wenn der Streit sehr ernst wird.
Violence is never a solution at work, even when the argument becomes very serious.