To intentionally cause a person harm, suffering, or injustice.
example
Ich kann nicht glauben, dass er seiner eigenen Familie so etwas antun konnte.
I can't believe that he could do something like that to his own family.
Usage tips
Separable verb
'Antun' is a separable verb. The prefix 'an-' goes at the end in a main clause. In subordinate clauses, the verb stays together.
EXAMPLE
Was tust du mir da an?
What are you doing to me?
Dative construction
In this meaning, the verb always needs a person in the dative to whom something is done. The structure is: subject (nom.) + person (dat.) + thing (acc.) + an.
EXAMPLE
Er hat seinem Freund großes Unrecht angetan.
He did his friend a great injustice.
Fixed expression
This meaning exists only in the fixed expression 'es hat jemandem (Dativ) etwas (Nominativ) angetan' (something really appealed to someone). The 'es' is a fixed part of the construction.
EXAMPLE
Die Musik dieser Band hat es mir sofort angetan.
The music of this band appealed to me immediately.
Reflexive expression
This meaning is always used reflexively: 'sich (Dativ) etwas antun' (to harm oneself). The word 'etwas' (something) is a fixed part of the expression and is not specified further. The expression is a circumlocution and is perceived as less direct.
EXAMPLE
Alle machten sich Sorgen, dass sie sich etwas antun könnte.
Everyone was worried that she might harm herself.
Compare with
near_synonym · confusable
antun vs gefallen
to please / to fall
'gefallen' and 'antun' can both express that someone likes something. But they work differently. 'gefallen' is neutral and very general: Something 'gefällt' someone when they find it beautiful, good, or pleasant. 'Es jemandem angetan haben' means more strongly that something particularly fascinates someone or immediately appeals to them. Learners may confuse the words because both have to do with a positive effect. In everyday life, 'gefallen' is the safe choice. Use 'angetan haben' when you want to emphasize a special attraction or enthusiasm.
antun
Die kleine Wohnung mit dem Balkon hat es mir sofort angetan.
The small apartment with the balcony immediately appealed to me.