to accuse
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to accuse
To blame someone for a negative act, a mistake, or an offense; to accuse someone. The act is often connected using the genitive or the preposition 'wegen' (because of/for).
Sie beschuldigte ihn, ihr Portemonnaie gestohlen zu haben.
She accused him of having stolen her wallet.
The prefix 'be-' is inseparable. It stays firmly attached to the verb in all conjugated forms. The past participle is formed without 'ge-': beschuldigt.
Er hat sie fälschlicherweise beschuldigt.
He falsely accused her.
The formal and legal construction of this verb requires the accusative for the person and the genitive for the offense. The structure is: jemanden (accusative) einer Sache (genitive) beschuldigen.
Man beschuldigte den Politiker der Korruption.
The politician was accused of corruption.
In normal usage, the accusation is more often expressed with a subordinate clause (with 'dass' (that)) or an infinitive construction (with 'zu' (to)).
Er beschuldigt seinen Kollegen, die Idee gestohlen zu haben.
He accuses his colleague of having stolen the idea.
to report / display / advertise
'anzeigen' and 'beschuldigen' can both have to do with a possible crime or mistake. 'beschuldigen' means that you say or believe someone is at fault. This can happen privately, in a conversation, or officially. 'anzeigen' is more specific: you report a person or an incident to the police or an authority. That is why you can accuse someone without reporting them to the authorities. The words are easy to confuse because a report often also involves an accusation. The important point is: 'anzeigen' is the step of going to an authority, while 'beschuldigen' is the accusation.
Nina beschuldigt ihren Nachbarn, ihr Fahrrad beschädigt zu haben.
Nina accuses her neighbor of having damaged her bike.
Nach dem Diebstahl zeigt Tim den Vorfall bei der Polizei an.
After the theft, Tim reports the incident to the police.