to cultivate / manage
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to cultivate
To use and work agricultural or forestry land in a planned way in order to produce a yield.
Die Familie bewirtschaftet den Bauernhof schon in der fünften Generation.
The family has been cultivating the farm for five generations.
to manage
To manage and maintain a property or building and take care of its operation.
Die Hausverwaltung ist dafür zuständig, das gesamte Mietshaus zu bewirtschaften.
The property management company is responsible for managing the entire apartment building.
to run
To operate a restaurant, hotel, or mountain hut and provide guests with food and drinks.
Die Almhütte wird nur in den Sommermonaten bewirtschaftet.
The alpine hut is run only during the summer months.
'Bewirtschaften' (to cultivate / manage) is an inseparable verb. The prefix 'be-' remains firmly attached to the verb stem 'wirtschaften' in all tenses and sentence constructions.
Er hat den Hof seiner Eltern übernommen und bewirtschaftet ihn jetzt.
He took over his parents' farm and now cultivates it.
The verb 'bewirtschaften' (to cultivate / manage) is transitive, which means it always requires an accusative object. You always 'bewirtschaftet' (cultivate / manage) SOMETHING.
Welche Firma bewirtschaftet dieses Bürogebäude?
Which company manages this office building?
You can recognize the exact meaning of 'bewirtschaften' (to cultivate / manage) from the object. If it refers to land, for example 'einen Hof' (a farm), it is about agriculture. If it refers to a building, 'ein Haus' (a house), it is about management. If it refers to a hospitality business, 'eine Hütte' (a hut), it is about operating or running it.
Ein Bauer bewirtschaftet seine Felder.
A farmer cultivates his fields.
In an agricultural context, 'bewirtschaften' (to cultivate) is often combined with these nouns: 'einen Bauernhof' (a farm), 'Land' (land), 'Felder' (fields), 'einen Acker' (a field), or 'einen Wald' (a forest).
Viele Bauern bewirtschaften ihr Land nach ökologischen Prinzipien.
Many farmers cultivate their land according to ecological principles.
to operate / pursue
Both words can refer to the ongoing operation of a hotel or restaurant. “betreiben” generally means managing and keeping the operation running, while “bewirtschaften” additionally emphasizes providing guests with food and drinks. Use “betreiben” for the general operation and “bewirtschaften” when this aspect of providing food and drinks is meant.
Die Familie bewirtschaftet im Sommer eine Hütte und versorgt dort die Wanderer mit Essen.
In summer, the family runs a mountain hut and provides the hikers there with food.
Die Familie betreibt seit vielen Jahren ein kleines Hotel am See.
The family has been running a small hotel by the lake for many years.
